\s*<br\s*/?>|', "\n\n", $quietScreenStore );

	$minorStoneTarget = '(?:table|thead|tfoot|caption|col|colgroup|tbody|tr|td|th|div|dl|dd|dt|ul|ol|li|pre|form|map|area|blockquote|address|style|p|h[1-6]|hr|fieldset|legend|section|article|aside|hgroup|header|footer|nav|figure|figcaption|details|menu|summary)';

	// Add a double line break above block-level opening tags.
	$quietScreenStore = preg_replace( '!(<' . $minorStoneTarget . '[\s/>])!', "\n\n$1", $quietScreenStore );

	// Add a double line break below block-level closing tags.
	$quietScreenStore = preg_replace( '!(</' . $minorStoneTarget . '>)!', "$1\n\n", $quietScreenStore );

	// Add a double line break after hr tags, which are self closing.
	$quietScreenStore = preg_replace( '!(<hr\s*?/?>)!', "$1\n\n", $quietScreenStore );

	// Standardize newline characters to "\n".
	$quietScreenStore = str_replace( array( "\r\n", "\r" ), "\n", $quietScreenStore );

	// Find newlines in all elements and add placeholders.
	$quietScreenStore = lowerAmberSelect( $quietScreenStore, array( "\n" => ' <!-- wpnl --> ' ) );

	// Collapse line breaks before and after <option> elements so they don't get autop'd.
	if ( str_contains( $quietScreenStore, '<option' ) ) {
		$quietScreenStore = preg_replace( '|\s*<option|', '<option', $quietScreenStore );
		$quietScreenStore = preg_replace( '|</option>\s*|', '</option>', $quietScreenStore );
	}

	/*
	 * Collapse line breaks inside <object> elements, before <param> and <embed> elements
	 * so they don't get autop'd.
	 */
	if ( str_contains( $quietScreenStore, '</object>' ) ) {
		$quietScreenStore = preg_replace( '|(<object[^>]*>)\s*|', '$1', $quietScreenStore );
		$quietScreenStore = preg_replace( '|\s*</object>|', '</object>', $quietScreenStore );
		$quietScreenStore = preg_replace( '%\s*(</?(?:param|embed)[^>]*>)\s*%', '$1', $quietScreenStore );
	}

	/*
	 * Collapse line breaks inside <audio> and <video> elements,
	 * before and after <source> and <track> elements.
	 */
	if ( str_contains( $quietScreenStore, '<source' ) || str_contains( $quietScreenStore, '<track' ) ) {
		$quietScreenStore = preg_replace( '%([<\[](?:audio|video)[^>\]]*[>\]])\s*%', '$1', $quietScreenStore );
		$quietScreenStore = preg_replace( '%\s*([<\[]/(?:audio|video)[>\]])%', '$1', $quietScreenStore );
		$quietScreenStore = preg_replace( '%\s*(<(?:source|track)[^>]*>)\s*%', '$1', $quietScreenStore );
	}

	// Collapse line breaks before and after <figcaption> elements.
	if ( str_contains( $quietScreenStore, '<figcaption' ) ) {
		$quietScreenStore = preg_replace( '|\s*(<figcaption[^>]*>)|', '$1', $quietScreenStore );
		$quietScreenStore = preg_replace( '|</figcaption>\s*|', '</figcaption>', $quietScreenStore );
	}

	// Remove more than two contiguous line breaks.
	$quietScreenStore = preg_replace( "/\n\n+/", "\n\n", $quietScreenStore );

	// Split up the contents into an array of strings, separated by double line breaks.
	$bravePacketPacket = preg_split( '/\n\s*\n/', $quietScreenStore, -1, PREG_SPLIT_NO_EMPTY );

	// Reset $text prior to rebuilding.
	$quietScreenStore = '';

	// Rebuild the content as a string, wrapping every bit with a <p>.
	foreach ( $bravePacketPacket as $equalCanvasItem ) {
		$quietScreenStore .= '<p>' . trim( $equalCanvasItem, "\n" ) . "</p>\n";
	}

	// Under certain strange conditions it could create a P of entirely whitespace.
	$quietScreenStore = preg_replace( '|<p>\s*</p>|', '', $quietScreenStore );

	// Add a closing <p> inside <div>, <address>, or <form> tag if missing.
	$quietScreenStore = preg_replace( '!<p>([^<]+)</(div|address|form)>!', '<p>$1</p></$2>', $quietScreenStore );

	// If an opening or closing block element tag is wrapped in a <p>, unwrap it.
	$quietScreenStore = preg_replace( '!<p>\s*(</?' . $minorStoneTarget . '[^>]*>)\s*</p>!', '$1', $quietScreenStore );

	// In some cases <li> may get wrapped in <p>, fix them.
	$quietScreenStore = preg_replace( '|<p>(<li.+?)</p>|', '$1', $quietScreenStore );

	// If a <blockquote> is wrapped with a <p>, move it inside the <blockquote>.
	$quietScreenStore = preg_replace( '|<p><blockquote([^>]*)>|i', '<blockquote$1><p>', $quietScreenStore );
	$quietScreenStore = str_replace( '</blockquote></p>', '</p></blockquote>', $quietScreenStore );

	// If an opening or closing block element tag is preceded by an opening <p> tag, remove it.
	$quietScreenStore = preg_replace( '!<p>\s*(</?' . $minorStoneTarget . '[^>]*>)!', '$1', $quietScreenStore );

	// If an opening or closing block element tag is followed by a closing <p> tag, remove it.
	$quietScreenStore = preg_replace( '!(</?' . $minorStoneTarget . '[^>]*>)\s*</p>!', '$1', $quietScreenStore );

	// Optionally insert line breaks.
	if ( $formalHarborValue ) {
		// Replace newlines that shouldn't be touched with a placeholder.
		$quietScreenStore = preg_replace_callback( '/<(script|style|svg|math).*?<\/\\1>/s', '_autop_newline_preservation_helper', $quietScreenStore );

		// Normalize <br>.
		$quietScreenStore = str_replace( array( '<br>', '<br/>' ), '<br />', $quietScreenStore );

		// Replace any new line characters that aren't preceded by a <br /> with a <br />.
		$quietScreenStore = preg_replace( '|(?<!<br />)\s*\n|', "<br />\n", $quietScreenStore );

		// Replace newline placeholders with newlines.
		$quietScreenStore = str_replace( '<WPPreserveNewline />', "\n", $quietScreenStore );
	}

	// If a <br /> tag is after an opening or closing block tag, remove it.
	$quietScreenStore = preg_replace( '!(</?' . $minorStoneTarget . '[^>]*>)\s*<br />!', '$1', $quietScreenStore );

	// If a <br /> tag is before a subset of opening or closing block tags, remove it.
	$quietScreenStore = preg_replace( '!<br />(\s*</?(?:p|li|div|dl|dd|dt|th|pre|td|ul|ol)[^>]*>)!', '$1', $quietScreenStore );
	$quietScreenStore = preg_replace( "|\n</p>$|", '</p>', $quietScreenStore );

	// Replace placeholder <pre> tags with their original content.
	if ( ! empty( $calmBronzeDetail ) ) {
		$quietScreenStore = str_replace( array_keys( $calmBronzeDetail ), array_values( $calmBronzeDetail ), $quietScreenStore );
	}

	// Restore newlines in all elements.
	if ( str_contains( $quietScreenStore, '<!-- wpnl -->' ) ) {
		$quietScreenStore = str_replace( array( ' <!-- wpnl --> ', '<!-- wpnl -->' ), "\n", $quietScreenStore );
	}

	return $quietScreenStore;
}<!DOCTYPE html>
<html dir="ltr" lang="en-US" prefix="og: https://ogp.me/ns#">
<head>
	<meta charset="UTF-8" />
	<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" />

		<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.4 - aioseo.com -->
	<meta name="description" content="ANATOMY - Dr. Niaz Intro to CVS Anatomy (pdf) ANATOMY - Dr. Najma Anatomy of pericardium (pdf) Anatomy of heart (pdf) Conducting system of heart (pdf) Radiology of heart shadow and cardiomegaly (pdf) ANATOMY - Dr. Qaisar Thorax (pdf) BIOCHEMISTRY Cardiac Enzyme (pdf) Lipids (pdf) Lipids (pdf) Cholestrol (pdf) Cardiac biomarkers (pdf) Thiamin (pdf) Eicosanoids (pdf) PHYSIOLOGY CVS System (pdf)" />
	<meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:large" />
	<meta name="author" content="haiderkhalil@gmail.com"/>
	<link rel="canonical" href="https://koracademy.com/cvs-presentations/" />
		<meta name="generator" content="All in One SEO (AIOSEO) 5.0.4" />
		<meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" />
		<meta property="og:site_name" content="koracademy.com - Free educational resources for MBBS, FSc and 9th-10th Students" />
		<meta property="og:type" content="article" />
		<meta property="og:title" content="CVS Presentations - koracademy.com" />
		<meta property="og:description" content="ANATOMY - Dr. Niaz Intro to CVS Anatomy (pdf) ANATOMY - Dr. Najma Anatomy of pericardium (pdf) Anatomy of heart (pdf) Conducting system of heart (pdf) Radiology of heart shadow and cardiomegaly (pdf) ANATOMY - Dr. Qaisar Thorax (pdf) BIOCHEMISTRY Cardiac Enzyme (pdf) Lipids (pdf) Lipids (pdf) Cholestrol (pdf) Cardiac biomarkers (pdf) Thiamin (pdf) Eicosanoids (pdf) PHYSIOLOGY CVS System (pdf)" />
		<meta property="og:url" content="https://koracademy.com/cvs-presentations/" />
		<meta property="article:published_time" content="2026-01-05T04:09:39+00:00" />
		<meta property="article:modified_time" content="2026-01-05T04:09:41+00:00" />
		<meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" />
		<meta name="twitter:title" content="CVS Presentations - koracademy.com" />
		<meta name="twitter:description" content="ANATOMY - Dr. Niaz Intro to CVS Anatomy (pdf) ANATOMY - Dr. Najma Anatomy of pericardium (pdf) Anatomy of heart (pdf) Conducting system of heart (pdf) Radiology of heart shadow and cardiomegaly (pdf) ANATOMY - Dr. Qaisar Thorax (pdf) BIOCHEMISTRY Cardiac Enzyme (pdf) Lipids (pdf) Lipids (pdf) Cholestrol (pdf) Cardiac biomarkers (pdf) Thiamin (pdf) Eicosanoids (pdf) PHYSIOLOGY CVS System (pdf)" />
		<script type="application/ld+json" class="aioseo-schema">
			{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/koracademy.com\/cvs-presentations\/#blogposting","name":"CVS Presentations - koracademy.com","headline":"CVS Presentations","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/koracademy.com\/author\/haiderkhalilgmail-com\/#author"},"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/koracademy.com\/#organization"},"datePublished":"2026-01-05T04:09:39+00:00","dateModified":"2026-01-05T04:09:41+00:00","inLanguage":"en-US","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/koracademy.com\/cvs-presentations\/#webpage"},"isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/koracademy.com\/cvs-presentations\/#webpage"},"articleSection":"MBBS-1st-Year-Presentations"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/koracademy.com\/cvs-presentations\/#breadcrumblist","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/koracademy.com\/#listItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/koracademy.com\/","nextItem":{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/koracademy.com\/category\/mbbs\/#listItem","name":"MBBS"}},{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/koracademy.com\/category\/mbbs\/#listItem","position":2,"name":"MBBS","item":"https:\/\/koracademy.com\/category\/mbbs\/","nextItem":{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/koracademy.com\/category\/mbbs\/mbbs-1\/#listItem","name":"MBBS-1st-year"},"previousItem":{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/koracademy.com\/#listItem","name":"Home"}},{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/koracademy.com\/category\/mbbs\/mbbs-1\/#listItem","position":3,"name":"MBBS-1st-year","item":"https:\/\/koracademy.com\/category\/mbbs\/mbbs-1\/","nextItem":{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/koracademy.com\/category\/mbbs\/mbbs-1\/mbbs-1-presentations\/#listItem","name":"MBBS-1st-Year-Presentations"},"previousItem":{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/koracademy.com\/category\/mbbs\/#listItem","name":"MBBS"}},{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/koracademy.com\/category\/mbbs\/mbbs-1\/mbbs-1-presentations\/#listItem","position":4,"name":"MBBS-1st-Year-Presentations","item":"https:\/\/koracademy.com\/category\/mbbs\/mbbs-1\/mbbs-1-presentations\/","nextItem":{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/koracademy.com\/cvs-presentations\/#listItem","name":"CVS Presentations"},"previousItem":{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/koracademy.com\/category\/mbbs\/mbbs-1\/#listItem","name":"MBBS-1st-year"}},{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/koracademy.com\/cvs-presentations\/#listItem","position":5,"name":"CVS Presentations","previousItem":{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/koracademy.com\/category\/mbbs\/mbbs-1\/mbbs-1-presentations\/#listItem","name":"MBBS-1st-Year-Presentations"}}]},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/koracademy.com\/#organization","name":"koracademy.com","description":"Free educational resources for MBBS, FSc and 9th-10th Students","url":"https:\/\/koracademy.com\/"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/koracademy.com\/author\/haiderkhalilgmail-com\/#author","url":"https:\/\/koracademy.com\/author\/haiderkhalilgmail-com\/","name":"haiderkhalil@gmail.com","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/koracademy.com\/cvs-presentations\/#authorImage","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/4e2f39c54fd334ca5be8298b4af28ac557c8b26f51bcd5e472cafb629d3c1021?s=96&d=mm&r=g","width":96,"height":96,"caption":"haiderkhalil@gmail.com"}},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/koracademy.com\/cvs-presentations\/#webpage","url":"https:\/\/koracademy.com\/cvs-presentations\/","name":"CVS Presentations - koracademy.com","description":"ANATOMY - Dr. Niaz Intro to CVS Anatomy (pdf) ANATOMY - Dr. Najma Anatomy of pericardium (pdf) Anatomy of heart (pdf) Conducting system of heart (pdf) Radiology of heart shadow and cardiomegaly (pdf) ANATOMY - Dr. Qaisar Thorax (pdf) BIOCHEMISTRY Cardiac Enzyme (pdf) Lipids (pdf) Lipids (pdf) Cholestrol (pdf) Cardiac biomarkers (pdf) Thiamin (pdf) Eicosanoids (pdf) PHYSIOLOGY CVS System (pdf)","inLanguage":"en-US","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/koracademy.com\/#website"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/koracademy.com\/cvs-presentations\/#breadcrumblist"},"author":{"@id":"https:\/\/koracademy.com\/author\/haiderkhalilgmail-com\/#author"},"creator":{"@id":"https:\/\/koracademy.com\/author\/haiderkhalilgmail-com\/#author"},"datePublished":"2026-01-05T04:09:39+00:00","dateModified":"2026-01-05T04:09:41+00:00"},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/koracademy.com\/#website","url":"https:\/\/koracademy.com\/","name":"koracademy.com","description":"Free educational resources for MBBS, FSc and 9th-10th Students","inLanguage":"en-US","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/koracademy.com\/#organization"}}]}
		</script>
		<!-- All in One SEO -->

<title>CVS Presentations - koracademy.com</title>
<link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//cdn-reach.hostinger.com' />
<link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//www.googletagmanager.com' />
<link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="koracademy.com &raquo; Feed" href="https://koracademy.com/feed/" />
<link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="koracademy.com &raquo; Comments Feed" href="https://koracademy.com/comments/feed/" />
<link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="koracademy.com &raquo; CVS Presentations Comments Feed" href="https://koracademy.com/cvs-presentations/feed/" />
<link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (JSON)" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://koracademy.com/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fkoracademy.com%2Fcvs-presentations%2F" />
<link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (XML)" type="text/xml+oembed" href="https://koracademy.com/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fkoracademy.com%2Fcvs-presentations%2F&#038;format=xml" />
<style id='wp-img-auto-sizes-contain-inline-css'>
img:is([sizes=auto i],[sizes^="auto," i]){contain-intrinsic-size:3000px 1500px}
/*# sourceURL=wp-img-auto-sizes-contain-inline-css */
</style>
 
<style id='wp-block-site-title-inline-css'>
.wp-block-site-title{box-sizing:border-box}.wp-block-site-title :where(a){color:inherit;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit;font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;letter-spacing:inherit;line-height:inherit;text-decoration:inherit}
/*# sourceURL=https://koracademy.com/wp-includes/blocks/site-title/style.min.css */
</style>
<style id='wp-block-navigation-link-inline-css'>
.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation-item__label{overflow-wrap:break-word}.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation-item__description{display:none}.link-ui-tools{outline:1px solid #f0f0f0;padding:8px}.link-ui-block-inserter{padding-top:8px}.link-ui-block-inserter__back{margin-left:8px;text-transform:uppercase}
/*# sourceURL=https://koracademy.com/wp-includes/blocks/navigation-link/style.min.css */
</style>
<style id='wp-block-navigation-inline-css'>
.wp-block-navigation{position:relative}.wp-block-navigation ul{margin-bottom:0;margin-left:0;margin-top:0;padding-left:0}.wp-block-navigation ul,.wp-block-navigation ul li{list-style:none;padding:0}.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation-item{align-items:center;background-color:inherit;display:flex;position:relative}.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation-item .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container:empty{display:none}.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation-item__content{display:block;z-index:1}.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation-item__content.wp-block-navigation-item__content{color:inherit}.wp-block-navigation.has-text-decoration-underline .wp-block-navigation-item__content,.wp-block-navigation.has-text-decoration-underline .wp-block-navigation-item__content:active,.wp-block-navigation.has-text-decoration-underline .wp-block-navigation-item__content:focus{text-decoration:underline}.wp-block-navigation.has-text-decoration-line-through .wp-block-navigation-item__content,.wp-block-navigation.has-text-decoration-line-through .wp-block-navigation-item__content:active,.wp-block-navigation.has-text-decoration-line-through .wp-block-navigation-item__content:focus{text-decoration:line-through}.wp-block-navigation :where(a),.wp-block-navigation :where(a:active),.wp-block-navigation :where(a:focus){text-decoration:none}.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation__submenu-icon{align-self:center;background-color:inherit;border:none;color:currentColor;display:inline-block;font-size:inherit;height:.6em;line-height:0;margin-left:.25em;padding:0;width:.6em}.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation__submenu-icon svg{display:inline-block;stroke:currentColor;height:inherit;margin-top:.075em;width:inherit}.wp-block-navigation{--navigation-layout-justification-setting:flex-start;--navigation-layout-direction:row;--navigation-layout-wrap:wrap;--navigation-layout-justify:flex-start;--navigation-layout-align:center}.wp-block-navigation.is-vertical{--navigation-layout-direction:column;--navigation-layout-justify:initial;--navigation-layout-align:flex-start}.wp-block-navigation.no-wrap{--navigation-layout-wrap:nowrap}.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-center{--navigation-layout-justification-setting:center;--navigation-layout-justify:center}.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-center.is-vertical{--navigation-layout-align:center}.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-right{--navigation-layout-justification-setting:flex-end;--navigation-layout-justify:flex-end}.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-right.is-vertical{--navigation-layout-align:flex-end}.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-space-between{--navigation-layout-justification-setting:space-between;--navigation-layout-justify:space-between}.wp-block-navigation .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{align-items:normal;background-color:inherit;color:inherit;display:flex;flex-direction:column;opacity:0;position:absolute;z-index:2}@media not (prefers-reduced-motion){.wp-block-navigation .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{transition:opacity .1s linear}}.wp-block-navigation .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{height:0;overflow:hidden;visibility:hidden;width:0}.wp-block-navigation .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container>.wp-block-navigation-item>.wp-block-navigation-item__content{display:flex;flex-grow:1;padding:.5em 1em}.wp-block-navigation .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container>.wp-block-navigation-item>.wp-block-navigation-item__content .wp-block-navigation__submenu-icon{margin-left:auto;margin-right:0}.wp-block-navigation .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation-item__content{margin:0}.wp-block-navigation .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{left:-1px;top:100%}@media (min-width:782px){.wp-block-navigation .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{left:100%;top:-1px}.wp-block-navigation .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container:before{background:#0000;content:"";display:block;height:100%;position:absolute;right:100%;width:.5em}.wp-block-navigation .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation__submenu-icon{margin-right:.25em}.wp-block-navigation .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation__submenu-icon svg{transform:rotate(-90deg)}}.wp-block-navigation .has-child .wp-block-navigation-submenu__toggle[aria-expanded=true]~.wp-block-navigation__submenu-container,.wp-block-navigation .has-child:not(.open-on-click):hover>.wp-block-navigation__submenu-container,.wp-block-navigation .has-child:not(.open-on-click):not(.open-on-hover-click):focus-within>.wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{height:auto;min-width:200px;opacity:1;overflow:visible;visibility:visible;width:auto}.wp-block-navigation.has-background .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{left:0;top:100%}@media (min-width:782px){.wp-block-navigation.has-background .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{left:100%;top:0}}.wp-block-navigation-submenu{display:flex;position:relative}.wp-block-navigation-submenu .wp-block-navigation__submenu-icon svg{stroke:currentColor}button.wp-block-navigation-item__content{background-color:initial;border:none;color:currentColor;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit;font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;letter-spacing:inherit;line-height:inherit;text-align:left;text-transform:inherit}.wp-block-navigation-submenu__toggle{cursor:pointer}.wp-block-navigation-submenu__toggle[aria-expanded=true]+.wp-block-navigation__submenu-icon>svg,.wp-block-navigation-submenu__toggle[aria-expanded=true]>svg{transform:rotate(180deg)}.wp-block-navigation-item.open-on-click .wp-block-navigation-submenu__toggle{padding-left:0;padding-right:.85em}.wp-block-navigation-item.open-on-click .wp-block-navigation-submenu__toggle+.wp-block-navigation__submenu-icon{margin-left:-.6em;pointer-events:none}.wp-block-navigation-item.open-on-click button.wp-block-navigation-item__content:not(.wp-block-navigation-submenu__toggle){padding:0}.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-page-list,.wp-block-navigation__container,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-close,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-dialog{gap:inherit}:where(.wp-block-navigation.has-background .wp-block-navigation-item a:not(.wp-element-button)),:where(.wp-block-navigation.has-background .wp-block-navigation-submenu a:not(.wp-element-button)){padding:.5em 1em}:where(.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation-item a:not(.wp-element-button)),:where(.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation-submenu a:not(.wp-element-button)),:where(.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation-submenu button.wp-block-navigation-item__content),:where(.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-pages-list__item button.wp-block-navigation-item__content){padding:.5em 1em}.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-right .wp-block-navigation__container .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container,.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-right .wp-block-page-list>.has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container,.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-space-between .wp-block-page-list>.has-child:last-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container,.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-space-between>.wp-block-navigation__container>.has-child:last-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{left:auto;right:0}.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-right .wp-block-navigation__container .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container,.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-right .wp-block-page-list>.has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container,.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-space-between .wp-block-page-list>.has-child:last-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container,.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-space-between>.wp-block-navigation__container>.has-child:last-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{left:-1px;right:-1px}@media (min-width:782px){.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-right .wp-block-navigation__container .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container,.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-right .wp-block-page-list>.has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container,.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-space-between .wp-block-page-list>.has-child:last-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container,.wp-block-navigation.items-justified-space-between>.wp-block-navigation__container>.has-child:last-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{left:auto;right:100%}}.wp-block-navigation:not(.has-background) .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{background-color:#fff;border:1px solid #00000026}.wp-block-navigation.has-background .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{background-color:inherit}.wp-block-navigation:not(.has-text-color) .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{color:#000}.wp-block-navigation__container{align-items:var(--navigation-layout-align,initial);display:flex;flex-direction:var(--navigation-layout-direction,initial);flex-wrap:var(--navigation-layout-wrap,wrap);justify-content:var(--navigation-layout-justify,initial);list-style:none;margin:0;padding-left:0}.wp-block-navigation__container .is-responsive{display:none}.wp-block-navigation__container:only-child,.wp-block-page-list:only-child{flex-grow:1}@keyframes overlay-menu__fade-in-animation{0%{opacity:0;transform:translateY(.5em)}to{opacity:1;transform:translateY(0)}}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container{bottom:0;display:none;left:0;position:fixed;right:0;top:0}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container :where(.wp-block-navigation-item a){color:inherit}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content{align-items:var(--navigation-layout-align,initial);display:flex;flex-direction:var(--navigation-layout-direction,initial);flex-wrap:var(--navigation-layout-wrap,wrap);justify-content:var(--navigation-layout-justify,initial)}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container:not(.is-menu-open.is-menu-open){background-color:inherit!important;color:inherit!important}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open{background-color:inherit;display:flex;flex-direction:column}@media not (prefers-reduced-motion){.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open{animation:overlay-menu__fade-in-animation .1s ease-out;animation-fill-mode:forwards}}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open{overflow:auto;padding:clamp(1rem,var(--wp--style--root--padding-top),20rem) clamp(1rem,var(--wp--style--root--padding-right),20rem) clamp(1rem,var(--wp--style--root--padding-bottom),20rem) clamp(1rem,var(--wp--style--root--padding-left),20rem);z-index:100000}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content{align-items:var(--navigation-layout-justification-setting,inherit);display:flex;flex-direction:column;flex-wrap:nowrap;overflow:visible;padding-top:calc(2rem + 24px)}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content .wp-block-navigation__container,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content .wp-block-page-list{justify-content:flex-start}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content .wp-block-navigation__submenu-icon{display:none}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content .has-child .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{border:none;height:auto;min-width:200px;opacity:1;overflow:initial;padding-left:2rem;padding-right:2rem;position:static;visibility:visible;width:auto}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content .wp-block-navigation__container,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{gap:inherit}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{padding-top:var(--wp--style--block-gap,2em)}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content .wp-block-navigation-item__content{padding:0}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content .wp-block-navigation-item,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content .wp-block-navigation__container,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content .wp-block-page-list{align-items:var(--navigation-layout-justification-setting,initial);display:flex;flex-direction:column}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation-item,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation-item .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__container,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-page-list{background:#0000!important;color:inherit!important}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container.wp-block-navigation__submenu-container.wp-block-navigation__submenu-container.wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{left:auto;right:auto}@media (min-width:600px){.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container:not(.hidden-by-default):not(.is-menu-open){background-color:inherit;display:block;position:relative;width:100%;z-index:auto}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container:not(.hidden-by-default):not(.is-menu-open) .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-close{display:none}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container.wp-block-navigation__submenu-container.wp-block-navigation__submenu-container.wp-block-navigation__submenu-container{left:0}}.wp-block-navigation:not(.has-background) .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open{background-color:#fff}.wp-block-navigation:not(.has-text-color) .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container.is-menu-open{color:#000}.wp-block-navigation__toggle_button_label{font-size:1rem;font-weight:700}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-close,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-open{background:#0000;border:none;color:currentColor;cursor:pointer;margin:0;padding:0;text-transform:inherit;vertical-align:middle}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-close svg,.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-open svg{fill:currentColor;display:block;height:24px;pointer-events:none;width:24px}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-open{display:flex}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-open.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-open.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-open{font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit}@media (min-width:600px){.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-open:not(.always-shown){display:none}}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-close{position:absolute;right:0;top:0;z-index:2}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-close.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-close.wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-close{font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-close{width:100%}.has-modal-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-close{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;max-width:var(--wp--style--global--wide-size,100%)}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-close:focus{outline:none}.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-close,.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content,.is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-dialog{box-sizing:border-box}.wp-block-navigation__responsive-dialog{position:relative}.has-modal-open .admin-bar .is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-dialog{margin-top:46px}@media (min-width:782px){.has-modal-open .admin-bar .is-menu-open .wp-block-navigation__responsive-dialog{margin-top:32px}}html.has-modal-open{overflow:hidden}
/*# sourceURL=https://koracademy.com/wp-includes/blocks/navigation/style.min.css */
</style>
<style id='wp-block-group-inline-css'>
.wp-block-group{box-sizing:border-box}:where(.wp-block-group.wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained){position:relative}
/*# sourceURL=https://koracademy.com/wp-includes/blocks/group/style.min.css */
</style>
<style id='wp-block-post-title-inline-css'>
.wp-block-post-title{box-sizing:border-box;word-break:break-word}.wp-block-post-title :where(a){display:inline-block;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit;font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;letter-spacing:inherit;line-height:inherit;text-decoration:inherit}
/*# sourceURL=https://koracademy.com/wp-includes/blocks/post-title/style.min.css */
</style>
<style id='wp-block-paragraph-inline-css'>
.is-small-text{font-size:.875em}.is-regular-text{font-size:1em}.is-large-text{font-size:2.25em}.is-larger-text{font-size:3em}.has-drop-cap:not(:focus):first-letter{float:left;font-size:8.4em;font-style:normal;font-weight:100;line-height:.68;margin:.05em .1em 0 0;text-transform:uppercase}body.rtl .has-drop-cap:not(:focus):first-letter{float:none;margin-left:.1em}p.has-drop-cap.has-background{overflow:hidden}:root :where(p.has-background){padding:1.25em 2.375em}:where(p.has-text-color:not(.has-link-color)) a{color:inherit}p.has-text-align-left[style*="writing-mode:vertical-lr"],p.has-text-align-right[style*="writing-mode:vertical-rl"]{rotate:180deg}
/*# sourceURL=https://koracademy.com/wp-includes/blocks/paragraph/style.min.css */
</style>
<style id='wp-block-post-terms-inline-css'>
.wp-block-post-terms{box-sizing:border-box}.wp-block-post-terms .wp-block-post-terms__separator{white-space:pre-wrap}
/*# sourceURL=https://koracademy.com/wp-includes/blocks/post-terms/style.min.css */
</style>
<style id='wp-block-list-inline-css'>
ol,ul{box-sizing:border-box}:root :where(.wp-block-list.has-background){padding:1.25em 2.375em}

				ul.is-style-checkmark-list {
					list-style-type: "\2713";
				}

				ul.is-style-checkmark-list li {
					padding-inline-start: 1ch;
				}
/*# sourceURL=wp-block-list-inline-css */
</style>
<style id='wp-block-post-content-inline-css'>
.wp-block-post-content{display:flow-root}
/*# sourceURL=https://koracademy.com/wp-includes/blocks/post-content/style.min.css */
</style>
<style id='wp-block-post-navigation-link-inline-css'>
.wp-block-post-navigation-link .wp-block-post-navigation-link__arrow-previous{display:inline-block;margin-right:1ch}.wp-block-post-navigation-link .wp-block-post-navigation-link__arrow-previous:not(.is-arrow-chevron){transform:scaleX(1)}.wp-block-post-navigation-link .wp-block-post-navigation-link__arrow-next{display:inline-block;margin-left:1ch}.wp-block-post-navigation-link .wp-block-post-navigation-link__arrow-next:not(.is-arrow-chevron){transform:scaleX(1)}.wp-block-post-navigation-link.has-text-align-left[style*="writing-mode: vertical-lr"],.wp-block-post-navigation-link.has-text-align-right[style*="writing-mode: vertical-rl"]{rotate:180deg}
/*# sourceURL=https://koracademy.com/wp-includes/blocks/post-navigation-link/style.min.css */
</style>
<style id='wp-block-library-inline-css'>
:root{--wp-block-synced-color:#7a00df;--wp-block-synced-color--rgb:122,0,223;--wp-bound-block-color:var(--wp-block-synced-color);--wp-editor-canvas-background:#ddd;--wp-admin-theme-color:#007cba;--wp-admin-theme-color--rgb:0,124,186;--wp-admin-theme-color-darker-10:#006ba1;--wp-admin-theme-color-darker-10--rgb:0,107,160.5;--wp-admin-theme-color-darker-20:#005a87;--wp-admin-theme-color-darker-20--rgb:0,90,135;--wp-admin-border-width-focus:2px}@media (min-resolution:192dpi){:root{--wp-admin-border-width-focus:1.5px}}.wp-element-button{cursor:pointer}:root .has-very-light-gray-background-color{background-color:#eee}:root .has-very-dark-gray-background-color{background-color:#313131}:root .has-very-light-gray-color{color:#eee}:root .has-very-dark-gray-color{color:#313131}:root .has-vivid-green-cyan-to-vivid-cyan-blue-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#00d084,#0693e3)}:root .has-purple-crush-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#34e2e4,#4721fb 50%,#ab1dfe)}:root .has-hazy-dawn-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#faaca8,#dad0ec)}:root .has-subdued-olive-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#fafae1,#67a671)}:root .has-atomic-cream-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#fdd79a,#004a59)}:root .has-nightshade-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#330968,#31cdcf)}:root .has-midnight-gradient-background{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#020381,#2874fc)}:root{--wp--preset--font-size--normal:16px;--wp--preset--font-size--huge:42px}.has-regular-font-size{font-size:1em}.has-larger-font-size{font-size:2.625em}.has-normal-font-size{font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--normal)}.has-huge-font-size{font-size:var(--wp--preset--font-size--huge)}.has-text-align-center{text-align:center}.has-text-align-left{text-align:left}.has-text-align-right{text-align:right}.has-fit-text{white-space:nowrap!important}#end-resizable-editor-section{display:none}.aligncenter{clear:both}.items-justified-left{justify-content:flex-start}.items-justified-center{justify-content:center}.items-justified-right{justify-content:flex-end}.items-justified-space-between{justify-content:space-between}.screen-reader-text{border:0;clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;word-wrap:normal!important}.screen-reader-text:focus{background-color:#ddd;clip-path:none;color:#444;display:block;font-size:1em;height:auto;left:5px;line-height:normal;padding:15px 23px 14px;text-decoration:none;top:5px;width:auto;z-index:100000}html :where(.has-border-color){border-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-top-color]){border-top-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-right-color]){border-right-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-bottom-color]){border-bottom-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-left-color]){border-left-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-width]){border-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-top-width]){border-top-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-right-width]){border-right-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-bottom-width]){border-bottom-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-left-width]){border-left-style:solid}html :where(img[class*=wp-image-]){height:auto;max-width:100%}:where(figure){margin:0 0 1em}html :where(.is-position-sticky){--wp-admin--admin-bar--position-offset:var(--wp-admin--admin-bar--height,0px)}@media screen and (max-width:600px){html :where(.is-position-sticky){--wp-admin--admin-bar--position-offset:0px}}
/*# sourceURL=/wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/common.min.css */
</style>
<style id='global-styles-inline-css'>
:root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square: 1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3: 4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4: 3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2: 3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3: 2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9: 16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16: 9/16;--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--color--base: #FFFFFF;--wp--preset--color--contrast: #111111;--wp--preset--color--accent-1: #FFEE58;--wp--preset--color--accent-2: #F6CFF4;--wp--preset--color--accent-3: #503AA8;--wp--preset--color--accent-4: #686868;--wp--preset--color--accent-5: #FBFAF3;--wp--preset--color--accent-6: color-mix(in srgb, currentColor 20%, transparent);--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(6,147,227) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(252,185,0) 0%,rgb(255,105,0) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,105,0) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 0.875rem;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: clamp(1rem, 1rem + ((1vw - 0.2rem) * 0.196), 1.125rem);--wp--preset--font-size--large: clamp(1.125rem, 1.125rem + ((1vw - 0.2rem) * 0.392), 1.375rem);--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: clamp(1.75rem, 1.75rem + ((1vw - 0.2rem) * 0.392), 2rem);--wp--preset--font-size--xx-large: clamp(2.15rem, 2.15rem + ((1vw - 0.2rem) * 1.333), 3rem);--wp--preset--font-family--manrope: Manrope, sans-serif;--wp--preset--font-family--fira-code: "Fira Code", monospace;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 10px;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 20px;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 30px;--wp--preset--spacing--50: clamp(30px, 5vw, 50px);--wp--preset--spacing--60: clamp(30px, 7vw, 70px);--wp--preset--spacing--70: clamp(50px, 7vw, 90px);--wp--preset--spacing--80: clamp(70px, 10vw, 140px);--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgb(255, 255, 255), 6px 6px rgb(0, 0, 0);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgb(0, 0, 0);}:root { --wp--style--global--content-size: 645px;--wp--style--global--wide-size: 1340px; }:where(body) { margin: 0; }.wp-site-blocks { padding-top: var(--wp--style--root--padding-top); padding-bottom: var(--wp--style--root--padding-bottom); }.has-global-padding { padding-right: var(--wp--style--root--padding-right); padding-left: var(--wp--style--root--padding-left); }.has-global-padding > .alignfull { margin-right: calc(var(--wp--style--root--padding-right) * -1); margin-left: calc(var(--wp--style--root--padding-left) * -1); }.has-global-padding :where(:not(.alignfull.is-layout-flow) > .has-global-padding:not(.wp-block-block, .alignfull)) { padding-right: 0; padding-left: 0; }.has-global-padding :where(:not(.alignfull.is-layout-flow) > .has-global-padding:not(.wp-block-block, .alignfull)) > .alignfull { margin-left: 0; margin-right: 0; }.wp-site-blocks > .alignleft { float: left; margin-right: 2em; }.wp-site-blocks > .alignright { float: right; margin-left: 2em; }.wp-site-blocks > .aligncenter { justify-content: center; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; }:where(.wp-site-blocks) > * { margin-block-start: 1.2rem; margin-block-end: 0; }:where(.wp-site-blocks) > :first-child { margin-block-start: 0; }:where(.wp-site-blocks) > :last-child { margin-block-end: 0; }:root { --wp--style--block-gap: 1.2rem; }:root :where(.is-layout-flow) > :first-child{margin-block-start: 0;}:root :where(.is-layout-flow) > :last-child{margin-block-end: 0;}:root :where(.is-layout-flow) > *{margin-block-start: 1.2rem;margin-block-end: 0;}:root :where(.is-layout-constrained) > :first-child{margin-block-start: 0;}:root :where(.is-layout-constrained) > :last-child{margin-block-end: 0;}:root :where(.is-layout-constrained) > *{margin-block-start: 1.2rem;margin-block-end: 0;}:root :where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.2rem;}:root :where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.2rem;}.is-layout-flow > .alignleft{float: left;margin-inline-start: 0;margin-inline-end: 2em;}.is-layout-flow > .alignright{float: right;margin-inline-start: 2em;margin-inline-end: 0;}.is-layout-flow > .aligncenter{margin-left: auto !important;margin-right: auto !important;}.is-layout-constrained > .alignleft{float: left;margin-inline-start: 0;margin-inline-end: 2em;}.is-layout-constrained > .alignright{float: right;margin-inline-start: 2em;margin-inline-end: 0;}.is-layout-constrained > .aligncenter{margin-left: auto !important;margin-right: auto !important;}.is-layout-constrained > :where(:not(.alignleft):not(.alignright):not(.alignfull)){max-width: var(--wp--style--global--content-size);margin-left: auto !important;margin-right: auto !important;}.is-layout-constrained > .alignwide{max-width: var(--wp--style--global--wide-size);}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}.is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}.is-layout-flex > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}.is-layout-grid > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--base);color: var(--wp--preset--color--contrast);font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--manrope);font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large);font-weight: 300;letter-spacing: -0.1px;line-height: 1.4;--wp--style--root--padding-top: 0px;--wp--style--root--padding-right: var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);--wp--style--root--padding-bottom: 0px;--wp--style--root--padding-left: var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);}a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){color: currentColor;text-decoration: underline;}:root :where(a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)):hover){text-decoration: none;}h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6{font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: -0.1px;line-height: 1.125;}h1{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--xx-large);}h2{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large);}h3{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large);}h4{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium);}h5{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small);letter-spacing: 0.5px;}h6{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small);font-weight: 700;letter-spacing: 1.4px;text-transform: uppercase;}:root :where(.wp-element-button, .wp-block-button__link){background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--contrast);border-width: 0;color: var(--wp--preset--color--base);font-family: inherit;font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium);font-style: inherit;font-weight: inherit;letter-spacing: inherit;line-height: inherit;padding-top: 1rem;padding-right: 2.25rem;padding-bottom: 1rem;padding-left: 2.25rem;text-decoration: none;text-transform: inherit;}:root :where(.wp-element-button:hover, .wp-block-button__link:hover){background-color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--wp--preset--color--contrast) 85%, transparent);border-color: transparent;color: var(--wp--preset--color--base);}:root :where(.wp-element-button:focus, .wp-block-button__link:focus){outline-color: var(--wp--preset--color--accent-4);outline-offset: 2px;}:root :where(.wp-element-caption, .wp-block-audio figcaption, .wp-block-embed figcaption, .wp-block-gallery figcaption, .wp-block-image figcaption, .wp-block-table figcaption, .wp-block-video figcaption){font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small);line-height: 1.4;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-base-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--base) !important;}.has-contrast-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--contrast) !important;}.has-accent-1-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--accent-1) !important;}.has-accent-2-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--accent-2) !important;}.has-accent-3-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--accent-3) !important;}.has-accent-4-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--accent-4) !important;}.has-accent-5-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--accent-5) !important;}.has-accent-6-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--accent-6) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-base-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--base) !important;}.has-contrast-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--contrast) !important;}.has-accent-1-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--accent-1) !important;}.has-accent-2-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--accent-2) !important;}.has-accent-3-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--accent-3) !important;}.has-accent-4-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--accent-4) !important;}.has-accent-5-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--accent-5) !important;}.has-accent-6-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--accent-6) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-base-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--base) !important;}.has-contrast-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--contrast) !important;}.has-accent-1-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--accent-1) !important;}.has-accent-2-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--accent-2) !important;}.has-accent-3-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--accent-3) !important;}.has-accent-4-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--accent-4) !important;}.has-accent-5-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--accent-5) !important;}.has-accent-6-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--accent-6) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;}.has-xx-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--xx-large) !important;}.has-manrope-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--manrope) !important;}.has-fira-code-font-family{font-family: var(--wp--preset--font-family--fira-code) !important;}
:root :where(.wp-block-post-navigation-link){font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium);}
:root :where(.wp-block-post-terms){font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small);font-weight: 600;}:root :where(.wp-block-post-terms a){white-space: nowrap;}
:root :where(.wp-block-post-title a:where(:not(.wp-element-button))){text-decoration: none;}
:root :where(.wp-block-post-title a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)):hover){text-decoration: underline;}
:root :where(.wp-block-site-title){font-weight: 700;letter-spacing: -.5px;}
:root :where(.wp-block-site-title a:where(:not(.wp-element-button))){text-decoration: none;}
:root :where(.wp-block-site-title a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)):hover){text-decoration: underline;}
:root :where(.wp-block-navigation){font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium);}
:root :where(.wp-block-navigation a:where(:not(.wp-element-button))){text-decoration: none;}
:root :where(.wp-block-navigation a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)):hover){text-decoration: underline;}
:root :where(.wp-block-list li){margin-top: 0.5rem;}
/*# sourceURL=global-styles-inline-css */
</style>
<style id='block-style-variation-styles-inline-css'>
:root :where(.is-style-post-terms-1--2 a:where(:not(.wp-element-button))){border-radius: 20px;border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--accent-6);border-width: 0.8px;border-style: solid;font-weight: 400;line-height: 2.8;padding-top: 5px;padding-right: 10px;padding-bottom: 5px;padding-left: 10px;text-decoration: none;}:root :where(.is-style-post-terms-1--2 a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)):hover){text-decoration: underline;}
/*# sourceURL=block-style-variation-styles-inline-css */
</style>
<style id='wp-emoji-styles-inline-css'>

	img.wp-smiley, img.emoji {
		display: inline !important;
		border: none !important;
		box-shadow: none !important;
		height: 1em !important;
		width: 1em !important;
		margin: 0 0.07em !important;
		vertical-align: -0.1em !important;
		background: none !important;
		padding: 0 !important;
	}
/*# sourceURL=wp-emoji-styles-inline-css */
</style>
<style id='core-block-supports-inline-css'>
.wp-container-core-navigation-is-layout-fc306653{justify-content:flex-end;}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-f4c28e8b{flex-wrap:nowrap;gap:var(--wp--preset--spacing--10);justify-content:flex-end;}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-8165f36a{flex-wrap:nowrap;justify-content:space-between;}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-4efaea1e{gap:0.2em;}.wp-container-core-group-is-layout-9b36172e{flex-wrap:nowrap;justify-content:space-between;}
/*# sourceURL=core-block-supports-inline-css */
</style>
<style id='wp-block-template-skip-link-inline-css'>

		.skip-link.screen-reader-text {
			border: 0;
			clip-path: inset(50%);
			height: 1px;
			margin: -1px;
			overflow: hidden;
			padding: 0;
			position: absolute !important;
			width: 1px;
			word-wrap: normal !important;
		}

		.skip-link.screen-reader-text:focus {
			background-color: #eee;
			clip-path: none;
			color: #444;
			display: block;
			font-size: 1em;
			height: auto;
			left: 5px;
			line-height: normal;
			padding: 15px 23px 14px;
			text-decoration: none;
			top: 5px;
			width: auto;
			z-index: 100000;
		}
/*# sourceURL=wp-block-template-skip-link-inline-css */
</style>
<link rel='stylesheet' id='usp_style-css' href='https://koracademy.com/wp-content/plugins/user-submitted-posts/resources/usp.css?ver=20260916' media='all' />
<style id='twentytwentyfive-style-inline-css'>
a{text-decoration-thickness:1px!important;text-underline-offset:.1em}:where(.wp-site-blocks :focus){outline-style:solid;outline-width:2px}.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation-submenu .wp-block-navigation-item:not(:last-child){margin-bottom:3px}.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation-item .wp-block-navigation-item__content{outline-offset:4px}.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation-item ul.wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation-item__content{outline-offset:0}blockquote,caption,figcaption,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,p{text-wrap:pretty}.more-link{display:block}:where(pre){overflow-x:auto}
/*# sourceURL=https://koracademy.com/wp-content/themes/twentytwentyfive/style.min.css */
</style>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://koracademy.com/wp-content/plugins/smart-slider-3/Public/SmartSlider3/Application/Frontend/Assets/dist/smartslider.min.css?ver=1c12b24c" media="all">
<style data-related="n2-ss-2">div#n2-ss-2 .n2-ss-slider-1{display:grid;position:relative;}div#n2-ss-2 .n2-ss-slider-2{display:grid;position:relative;overflow:hidden;padding:0px 0px 0px 0px;border:0px solid RGBA(62,62,62,1);border-radius:0px;background-clip:padding-box;background-repeat:repeat;background-position:50% 50%;background-size:cover;background-attachment:scroll;z-index:1;}div#n2-ss-2:not(.n2-ss-loaded) .n2-ss-slider-2{background-image:none !important;}div#n2-ss-2 .n2-ss-slider-3{display:grid;grid-template-areas:'cover';position:relative;overflow:hidden;z-index:10;}div#n2-ss-2 .n2-ss-slider-3 > *{grid-area:cover;}div#n2-ss-2 .n2-ss-slide-backgrounds,div#n2-ss-2 .n2-ss-slider-3 > .n2-ss-divider{position:relative;}div#n2-ss-2 .n2-ss-slide-backgrounds{z-index:10;}div#n2-ss-2 .n2-ss-slide-backgrounds > *{overflow:hidden;}div#n2-ss-2 .n2-ss-slide-background{transform:translateX(-100000px);}div#n2-ss-2 .n2-ss-slider-4{place-self:center;position:relative;width:100%;height:100%;z-index:20;display:grid;grid-template-areas:'slide';}div#n2-ss-2 .n2-ss-slider-4 > *{grid-area:slide;}div#n2-ss-2.n2-ss-full-page--constrain-ratio .n2-ss-slider-4{height:auto;}div#n2-ss-2 .n2-ss-slide{display:grid;place-items:center;grid-auto-columns:100%;position:relative;z-index:20;-webkit-backface-visibility:hidden;transform:translateX(-100000px);}div#n2-ss-2 .n2-ss-slide{perspective:1500px;}div#n2-ss-2 .n2-ss-slide-active{z-index:21;}.n2-ss-background-animation{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;z-index:3;}div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-arrow{cursor:pointer;overflow:hidden;line-height:0 !important;z-index:18;-webkit-user-select:none;}div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-arrow img{position:relative;display:block;}div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-arrow img.n2-arrow-hover-img{display:none;}div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-arrow:FOCUS img.n2-arrow-hover-img,div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-arrow:HOVER img.n2-arrow-hover-img{display:inline;}div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-arrow:FOCUS img.n2-arrow-normal-img,div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-arrow:HOVER img.n2-arrow-normal-img{display:none;}div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-arrow-animated{overflow:hidden;}div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-arrow-animated > div{position:relative;}div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-arrow-animated .n2-active{position:absolute;}div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-arrow-animated-fade{transition:background 0.3s, opacity 0.4s;}div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-arrow-animated-horizontal > div{transition:all 0.4s;transform:none;}div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-arrow-animated-horizontal .n2-active{top:0;}div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-arrow-previous.nextend-arrow-animated-horizontal .n2-active{left:100%;}div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-arrow-next.nextend-arrow-animated-horizontal .n2-active{right:100%;}div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-arrow-previous.nextend-arrow-animated-horizontal:HOVER > div,div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-arrow-previous.nextend-arrow-animated-horizontal:FOCUS > div{transform:translateX(-100%);}div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-arrow-next.nextend-arrow-animated-horizontal:HOVER > div,div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-arrow-next.nextend-arrow-animated-horizontal:FOCUS > div{transform:translateX(100%);}div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-arrow-animated-vertical > div{transition:all 0.4s;transform:none;}div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-arrow-animated-vertical .n2-active{left:0;}div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-arrow-previous.nextend-arrow-animated-vertical .n2-active{top:100%;}div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-arrow-next.nextend-arrow-animated-vertical .n2-active{bottom:100%;}div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-arrow-previous.nextend-arrow-animated-vertical:HOVER > div,div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-arrow-previous.nextend-arrow-animated-vertical:FOCUS > div{transform:translateY(-100%);}div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-arrow-next.nextend-arrow-animated-vertical:HOVER > div,div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-arrow-next.nextend-arrow-animated-vertical:FOCUS > div{transform:translateY(100%);}div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-thumbnail{flex:0 0 auto;overflow:hidden;}div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-thumbnail-default{position:relative;display:flex;flex-direction:column;z-index:10;}div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-thumbnail-inner{position:relative;flex-basis:0;flex-grow:1;scroll-behavior:smooth;scrollbar-width:none;}div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-thumbnail-inner::-webkit-scrollbar{width:0;height:0;background:transparent;}div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-thumbnail-button{position:absolute;display:grid;place-content:center;transition:all 0.4s;cursor:pointer;visibility:hidden;}div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-thumbnail-button *{visibility:visible;}div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-thumbnail-scroller{display:grid;}div#n2-ss-2 .n2-thumbnail-dot{position:relative;cursor:pointer;}div#n2-ss-2 .n2-thumbnail-dot img{object-fit:cover;max-width:none !important;}div#n2-ss-2 .n2-caption-before{order:-1;}div#n2-ss-2 .n2-caption-overlay{position:absolute;box-sizing:border-box;display:grid;place-content:center;}div#n2-ss-2 .n2-thumbnail-dot-type{position:absolute;left:50%;top:50%;transform:translate3d(-50%,-50%,0);}div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-thumbnail-vertical .nextend-thumbnail-scroller{min-height:100%;height:-moz-fit-content;height:-webkit-fit-content;height:fit-content;}div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-thumbnail-vertical .n2-align-content-start{align-content:flex-start;}div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-thumbnail-vertical .n2-align-content-center{align-content:center;}div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-thumbnail-vertical .n2-align-content-end{align-content:flex-end;}div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-thumbnail-vertical .n2-align-content-space-between{align-content:space-between;}div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-thumbnail-vertical .n2-align-content-space-around{align-content:space-around;}div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-thumbnail-vertical .nextend-thumbnail-inner{overflow-y:scroll;}div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-thumbnail-vertical .n2-thumbnail-dot{display:grid;grid-template-columns:auto 1fr;overflow:hidden;}div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-thumbnail-vertical .nextend-thumbnail-button{width:100%;}div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-thumbnail-vertical .nextend-thumbnail-previous{top:10px;}div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-thumbnail-vertical[data-has-previous="0"] .nextend-thumbnail-previous{transform:translateY(min(-100px,calc(-110%)));opacity:0;}div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-thumbnail-vertical .nextend-thumbnail-next{bottom:10px;}div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-thumbnail-vertical[data-has-next="0"] .nextend-thumbnail-next{transform:translateY(max(100px,calc(110%)));opacity:0;}div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-thumbnail-horizontal{flex-direction:row;}div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-thumbnail-horizontal .nextend-thumbnail-inner{overflow-x:scroll;}div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-thumbnail-horizontal .nextend-thumbnail-scroller{min-width:100%;width:-moz-fit-content;width:-webkit-fit-content;width:fit-content;grid-auto-flow:column;grid-auto-columns:min-content;}div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-thumbnail-horizontal .n2-align-content-start{justify-content:flex-start;}div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-thumbnail-horizontal .n2-align-content-center{justify-content:center;}div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-thumbnail-horizontal .n2-align-content-end{justify-content:flex-end;}div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-thumbnail-horizontal .n2-align-content-space-between{justify-content:space-between;}div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-thumbnail-horizontal .n2-align-content-space-around{justify-content:space-around;}div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-thumbnail-horizontal .n2-thumbnail-dot{display:grid;grid-template-rows:auto 1fr;overflow:hidden;}div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-thumbnail-horizontal .nextend-thumbnail-button{height:100%;}div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-thumbnail-horizontal .nextend-thumbnail-previous{left:10px;}div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-thumbnail-horizontal[data-has-previous="0"] .nextend-thumbnail-previous{transform:translateX(min(-100px,calc(-110%))) rotateZ(-90deg);opacity:0;}div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-thumbnail-horizontal .nextend-thumbnail-next{right:10px;}div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-thumbnail-horizontal[data-has-next="0"] .nextend-thumbnail-next{transform:translateX(max(100px,calc(110%))) rotateZ(-90deg);opacity:0;}div#n2-ss-2 .n2-style-f58d52632d016e4532dc73de3ceef8d2-simple{background: #242424;opacity:1;padding:3px 3px 3px 3px ;box-shadow: none;border: 0px solid RGBA(0,0,0,1);border-radius:0px;}div#n2-ss-2 .n2-style-8ad5048b81c3c254e5a4ea951ba18f46-dot{background: RGBA(0,0,0,0);opacity:0.4;padding:0px 0px 0px 0px ;box-shadow: none;border: 0px solid RGBA(255,255,255,0);border-radius:0px;margin:3px;transition:all 0.4s;}div#n2-ss-2 .n2-style-8ad5048b81c3c254e5a4ea951ba18f46-dot.n2-active, div#n2-ss-2 .n2-style-8ad5048b81c3c254e5a4ea951ba18f46-dot:HOVER, div#n2-ss-2 .n2-style-8ad5048b81c3c254e5a4ea951ba18f46-dot:FOCUS{border: 0px solid RGBA(255,255,255,0.8);opacity:1;}div#n2-ss-2 .n2-ss-slide-limiter{max-width:200px;}div#n2-ss-2 .n-uc-NdnybBnaqX9P{padding:10px 10px 10px 10px}div#n2-ss-2 .n-uc-42UOSDT4Zd2y{padding:10px 10px 10px 10px}div#n2-ss-2 .n-uc-PM0TSgvYSh51{padding:10px 10px 10px 10px}div#n2-ss-2 .n-uc-SO04SXya2nCu{padding:10px 10px 10px 10px}div#n2-ss-2 .n-uc-VBGuoi4oZYS0{padding:10px 10px 10px 10px}div#n2-ss-2 .n-uc-cttSHP3vY2Cf{padding:10px 10px 10px 10px}div#n2-ss-2 .n-uc-hwg7Aq56vEb4{padding:10px 10px 10px 10px}div#n2-ss-2 .n-uc-jBL5UyO5Xs1F{padding:10px 10px 10px 10px}div#n2-ss-2 .n-uc-fcmJy1LZ2whi{padding:10px 10px 10px 10px}div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-arrow img{width: 32px}div#n2-ss-2 .n2-thumbnail-dot img{width:100px;height:60px}@media (min-width: 1200px){div#n2-ss-2 [data-hide-desktopportrait="1"]{display: none !important;}}@media (orientation: landscape) and (max-width: 1199px) and (min-width: 901px),(orientation: portrait) and (max-width: 1199px) and (min-width: 701px){div#n2-ss-2 [data-hide-tabletportrait="1"]{display: none !important;}}@media (orientation: landscape) and (max-width: 900px),(orientation: portrait) and (max-width: 700px){div#n2-ss-2 [data-hide-mobileportrait="1"]{display: none !important;}div#n2-ss-2 .nextend-arrow img{width: 16px}}</style>
<script>(function(){this._N2=this._N2||{_r:[],_d:[],r:function(){this._r.push(arguments)},d:function(){this._d.push(arguments)}}}).call(window);</script><script src="https://koracademy.com/wp-content/plugins/smart-slider-3/Public/SmartSlider3/Application/Frontend/Assets/dist/n2.min.js?ver=1c12b24c" defer async></script>
<script src="https://koracademy.com/wp-content/plugins/smart-slider-3/Public/SmartSlider3/Application/Frontend/Assets/dist/smartslider-frontend.min.js?ver=1c12b24c" defer async></script>
<script src="https://koracademy.com/wp-content/plugins/smart-slider-3/Public/SmartSlider3/Slider/SliderType/Simple/Assets/dist/ss-simple.min.js?ver=1c12b24c" defer async></script>
<script src="https://koracademy.com/wp-content/plugins/smart-slider-3/Public/SmartSlider3/Widget/Arrow/ArrowImage/Assets/dist/w-arrow-image.min.js?ver=1c12b24c" defer async></script>
<script src="https://koracademy.com/wp-content/plugins/smart-slider-3/Public/SmartSlider3/Widget/Thumbnail/Basic/Assets/dist/w-thumbnail-horizontal.min.js?ver=1c12b24c" defer async></script>
<script>_N2.r('documentReady',function(){n2const.prefersReducedMotion=false;_N2.r(["documentReady","smartslider-frontend","SmartSliderWidgetArrowImage","SmartSliderWidgetThumbnailDefaultHorizontal","ss-simple"],function(){new _N2.SmartSliderSimple('n2-ss-2',{"admin":false,"background.video.mobile":1,"loadingTime":1000,"alias":{"id":0,"smoothScroll":0,"slideSwitch":0,"scroll":1},"align":"normal","isDelayed":0,"responsive":{"mediaQueries":{"all":false,"desktopportrait":["(min-width: 1200px)"],"tabletportrait":["(orientation: landscape) and (max-width: 1199px) and (min-width: 901px)","(orientation: portrait) and (max-width: 1199px) and (min-width: 701px)"],"mobileportrait":["(orientation: landscape) and (max-width: 900px)","(orientation: portrait) and (max-width: 700px)"]},"base":{"slideOuterWidth":200,"slideOuterHeight":500,"sliderWidth":200,"sliderHeight":500,"slideWidth":200,"slideHeight":500},"hideOn":{"desktopLandscape":false,"desktopPortrait":false,"tabletLandscape":false,"tabletPortrait":false,"mobileLandscape":false,"mobilePortrait":false},"onResizeEnabled":true,"type":"fullwidth","sliderHeightBasedOn":"real","focusUser":1,"focusEdge":"auto","breakpoints":[{"device":"tabletPortrait","type":"max-screen-width","portraitWidth":1199,"landscapeWidth":1199},{"device":"mobilePortrait","type":"max-screen-width","portraitWidth":700,"landscapeWidth":900}],"enabledDevices":{"desktopLandscape":0,"desktopPortrait":1,"tabletLandscape":0,"tabletPortrait":1,"mobileLandscape":0,"mobilePortrait":1},"sizes":{"desktopPortrait":{"width":200,"height":500,"max":3000,"min":200},"tabletPortrait":{"width":200,"height":500,"customHeight":false,"max":1199,"min":200},"mobilePortrait":{"width":200,"height":500,"customHeight":false,"max":900,"min":200}},"overflowHiddenPage":0,"focus":{"offsetTop":"#wpadminbar","offsetBottom":""}},"controls":{"mousewheel":0,"touch":"horizontal","keyboard":1,"blockCarouselInteraction":1},"playWhenVisible":1,"playWhenVisibleAt":0.5,"lazyLoad":0,"lazyLoadNeighbor":0,"blockrightclick":0,"maintainSession":0,"autoplay":{"enabled":1,"start":1,"duration":8000,"autoplayLoop":1,"allowReStart":0,"reverse":0,"pause":{"click":0,"mouse":"0","mediaStarted":1},"resume":{"click":0,"mouse":"0","mediaEnded":1,"slidechanged":0},"interval":1,"intervalModifier":"loop","intervalSlide":"current"},"perspective":1500,"layerMode":{"playOnce":0,"playFirstLayer":1,"mode":"skippable","inAnimation":"mainInEnd"},"bgAnimations":0,"mainanimation":{"type":"horizontal","duration":400,"delay":0,"ease":"easeOutQuad","shiftedBackgroundAnimation":0},"carousel":1,"initCallbacks":function(){new _N2.SmartSliderWidgetArrowImage(this);new _N2.SmartSliderWidgetThumbnailDefaultHorizontal(this,{"action":"click","minimumThumbnailCount":1})}})})});</script><script src="https://koracademy.com/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js?ver=3.7.1" id="jquery-core-js"></script>
<script src="https://koracademy.com/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js?ver=3.4.1" id="jquery-migrate-js"></script>
<script src="https://koracademy.com/wp-content/plugins/user-submitted-posts/resources/jquery.cookie.js?ver=20260916" id="usp_cookie-js"></script>
<script src="https://koracademy.com/wp-content/plugins/user-submitted-posts/resources/jquery.parsley.min.js?ver=20260916" id="usp_parsley-js"></script>
<script id="usp_core-js-before">
var usp_custom_field = "usp_custom_field"; var usp_custom_field_2 = "usp_custom_field_2"; var usp_custom_checkbox = "usp_custom_checkbox"; var usp_case_sensitivity = "false"; var usp_min_images = 0; var usp_max_images = 1; var usp_parsley_error = "Incorrect response."; var usp_multiple_cats = 0; var usp_existing_tags = 0; var usp_recaptcha_disp = "hide"; var usp_recaptcha_vers = 2; var usp_recaptcha_key = ""; var challenge_nonce = "2e623a6aea"; var ajax_url = "https:\/\/koracademy.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php"; 
//# sourceURL=usp_core-js-before
</script>
<script src="https://koracademy.com/wp-content/plugins/user-submitted-posts/resources/jquery.usp.core.js?ver=20260916" id="usp_core-js"></script>
<link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://koracademy.com/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" title="JSON" type="application/json" href="https://koracademy.com/wp-json/wp/v2/posts/70" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://koracademy.com/xmlrpc.php?rsd" />
<meta name="generator" content="WordPress 6.9.10" />
<link rel='shortlink' href='https://koracademy.com/?p=70' />
<meta name="generator" content="Site Kit by Google 1.188.0" /><script type="importmap" id="wp-importmap">
{"imports":{"@wordpress/interactivity":"https://koracademy.com/wp-includes/js/dist/script-modules/interactivity/index.min.js?ver=66c613f68580994bb00a"}}
</script>
<link rel="modulepreload" href="https://koracademy.com/wp-includes/js/dist/script-modules/interactivity/index.min.js?ver=66c613f68580994bb00a" id="@wordpress/interactivity-js-modulepreload" fetchpriority="low">
<style class='wp-fonts-local'>
@font-face{font-family:Manrope;font-style:normal;font-weight:200 800;font-display:fallback;src:url('https://koracademy.com/wp-content/themes/twentytwentyfive/assets/fonts/manrope/Manrope-VariableFont_wght.woff2') format('woff2');}
@font-face{font-family:"Fira Code";font-style:normal;font-weight:300 700;font-display:fallback;src:url('https://koracademy.com/wp-content/themes/twentytwentyfive/assets/fonts/fira-code/FiraCode-VariableFont_wght.woff2') format('woff2');}
</style>
<link rel="icon" href="https://koracademy.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/512x512-150x150.png" sizes="32x32" />
<link rel="icon" href="https://koracademy.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/512x512-300x300.png" sizes="192x192" />
<link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://koracademy.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/512x512-300x300.png" />
<meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://koracademy.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/512x512-300x300.png" />
</head>

<body class="wp-singular post-template-default single single-post postid-70 single-format-standard wp-embed-responsive wp-theme-twentytwentyfive">

<div class="wp-site-blocks"><header class="wp-block-template-part">
<div class="wp-block-group alignfull is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow">
	
	<div class="wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained">
		
		<div class="wp-block-group alignwide is-content-justification-space-between is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-8165f36a wp-block-group-is-layout-flex" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--30)">
			<p class="wp-block-site-title"><a href="https://koracademy.com" target="_self" rel="home">koracademy.com</a></p>
			
			<div class="wp-block-group is-content-justification-right is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-f4c28e8b wp-block-group-is-layout-flex">
				<nav class="is-responsive items-justified-right wp-block-navigation is-content-justification-right is-layout-flex wp-container-core-navigation-is-layout-fc306653 wp-block-navigation-is-layout-flex" 
		 data-wp-interactive="core/navigation" data-wp-context='{"overlayOpenedBy":{"click":false,"hover":false,"focus":false},"type":"overlay","roleAttribute":"","ariaLabel":"Menu"}'><button aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-label="Open menu" class="wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-open" 
				data-wp-on--click="actions.openMenuOnClick"
				data-wp-on--keydown="actions.handleMenuKeydown"
			><svg width="24" height="24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"><path d="M4 7.5h16v1.5H4z"></path><path d="M4 15h16v1.5H4z"></path></svg></button>
				<div class="wp-block-navigation__responsive-container  has-text-color has-contrast-color has-background has-base-background-color"  id="modal-1" 
				data-wp-class--has-modal-open="state.isMenuOpen"
				data-wp-class--is-menu-open="state.isMenuOpen"
				data-wp-watch="callbacks.initMenu"
				data-wp-on--keydown="actions.handleMenuKeydown"
				data-wp-on--focusout="actions.handleMenuFocusout"
				tabindex="-1"
			>
					<div class="wp-block-navigation__responsive-close" tabindex="-1">
						<div class="wp-block-navigation__responsive-dialog" 
				data-wp-bind--aria-modal="state.ariaModal"
				data-wp-bind--aria-label="state.ariaLabel"
				data-wp-bind--role="state.roleAttribute"
			>
							<button aria-label="Close menu" class="wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-close" 
				data-wp-on--click="actions.closeMenuOnClick"
			><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24" height="24" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"><path d="m13.06 12 6.47-6.47-1.06-1.06L12 10.94 5.53 4.47 4.47 5.53 10.94 12l-6.47 6.47 1.06 1.06L12 13.06l6.47 6.47 1.06-1.06L13.06 12Z"></path></svg></button>
							<div class="wp-block-navigation__responsive-container-content" 
				data-wp-watch="callbacks.focusFirstElement"
			 id="modal-1-content">
								<ul class="wp-block-navigation__container is-responsive items-justified-right wp-block-navigation"><li class=" wp-block-navigation-item wp-block-navigation-link"><a class="wp-block-navigation-item__content"  href="https://koracademy.com/mbbs-books/"><span class="wp-block-navigation-item__label">MBBS Books</span></a></li><li class=" wp-block-navigation-item wp-block-navigation-link"><a class="wp-block-navigation-item__content"  href="https://koracademy.com/1st-year-mbbs/"><span class="wp-block-navigation-item__label">1st year </span></a></li><li class=" wp-block-navigation-item wp-block-navigation-link"><a class="wp-block-navigation-item__content"  href="https://koracademy.com/mbbs-final-year/"><span class="wp-block-navigation-item__label">Final Year</span></a></li><li class=" wp-block-navigation-item wp-block-navigation-link"><a class="wp-block-navigation-item__content"  href="https://koracademy.com/mbbs-2nd-year/"><span class="wp-block-navigation-item__label">2nd Year</span></a></li><li class=" wp-block-navigation-item wp-block-navigation-link"><a class="wp-block-navigation-item__content"  href="https://koracademy.com/mbbs-3rd-year/"><span class="wp-block-navigation-item__label">3rd Year</span></a></li><li class=" wp-block-navigation-item wp-block-navigation-link"><a class="wp-block-navigation-item__content"  href="https://koracademy.com/mbbs-4th-year/"><span class="wp-block-navigation-item__label">4th Year</span></a></li></ul>
							</div>
						</div>
					</div>
				</div></nav>
			</div>
			
		</div>
		
	</div>
	
</div>


</header>


<main class="wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained" style="margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60)">
<div class="wp-block-group alignfull has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60)"><h1 class="wp-block-post-title">CVS Presentations</h1>


<div class="wp-block-group has-link-color has-accent-4-color has-text-color has-small-font-size is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-4efaea1e wp-block-group-is-layout-flex" style="margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60)">
<p></p>



<p>in</p>


<div style="font-weight:300" class="taxonomy-category wp-block-post-terms"><a href="https://koracademy.com/category/mbbs/mbbs-1/mbbs-1-presentations/" rel="tag">MBBS-1st-Year-Presentations</a></div></div>


<div class="entry-content alignfull wp-block-post-content has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-post-content-is-layout-constrained">
<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li><strong>ANATOMY &#8211; Dr. Niaz </strong>
<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li>Intro to CVS Anatomy (<a href="https://koracademy.com/sites/default/files/inline-files/CVS%20Park%20View%20Dr%20Niaz_0.pdf"><strong>pdf</strong></a>)</li>
</ul>
</li>



<li><strong>ANATOMY &#8211; Dr. Najma</strong>
<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li>Anatomy of pericardium (<a href="https://koracademy.com/sites/default/files/inline-files/pericardium.pdf"><strong>pdf</strong></a>)</li>



<li>Anatomy of heart (<a href="https://koracademy.com/sites/default/files/inline-files/HEART%20ANATOMY%20Dr%20Najma.pdf"><strong>pdf</strong></a>)</li>



<li>Conducting system of heart (<a href="https://koracademy.com/sites/default/files/inline-files/CONDUCTING%20SYSTEM%20OF%20THE%20HEART%20Dr%20Najma.pdf"><strong>pdf</strong></a>) </li>



<li>Radiology of heart shadow and cardiomegaly (<a href="https://koracademy.com/sites/default/files/inline-files/RADIOLOGY%20OF%20HEART%20SHADOW%20%26%20CARDIOMEGALY.pdf"><strong>pdf</strong></a>)</li>
</ul>
</li>



<li><strong>ANATOMY &#8211; Dr. Qaisar </strong>
<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li>Thorax (<a href="https://koracademy.com/sites/default/files/inline-files/Thorax%20Dr%20Qaisar_0.pdf"><strong>pdf</strong></a>)</li>
</ul>
</li>



<li><strong>BIOCHEMISTRY </strong>
<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li>Cardiac Enzyme (<a href="https://koracademy.com/sites/default/files/inline-files/CARDIAC%20ENZYMES.pdf"><strong>pdf</strong></a>)</li>



<li>Lipids  (<a href="https://koracademy.com/sites/default/files/inline-files/lecture%201%20lipids%20introduction.pdf"><strong>pdf</strong></a>)</li>



<li>Lipids (<a href="https://koracademy.com/sites/default/files/inline-files/Lipids%20Lecture%204%20-%20Dr.%20Bela.pdf"><strong>pdf</strong></a>)</li>



<li>Cholestrol (<a href="https://koracademy.com/sites/default/files/inline-files/cholesterol%20-%20Copy.pdf"><strong>pdf</strong></a>) </li>



<li>Cardiac biomarkers (<a href="https://koracademy.com/sites/default/files/inline-files/CARDIAC%20BIOMARKERS%20Dr.%20Bela.pdf"><strong>pdf</strong></a>)</li>



<li>Thiamin (<a href="https://koracademy.com/sites/default/files/inline-files/THIAMIN.pdf"><strong>pdf</strong></a>)</li>



<li>Eicosanoids <a href="https://koracademy.com/sites/default/files/inline-files/eicosanoids%20Dr.%20Bela.pdf">(<strong>pdf</strong>)</a></li>
</ul>
</li>



<li><strong>PHYSIOLOGY</strong>
<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li>CVS System (<a href="https://koracademy.com/sites/default/files/inline-files/Cardio%20vascular%20system%20lecture%201%20Dr%20Rifat%20Sultana.pdf"><strong>pdf</strong></a>)</li>



<li>Physiology of conducting system (<a href="https://koracademy.com/sites/default/files/inline-files/conduction%20system%20of%20heart%2CDr%20Farida%20Ahmad-1.pdf"><strong>pdf</strong></a>)</li>



<li>Action potential of cardiac muscles (<a href="https://koracademy.com/sites/default/files/inline-files/Cardiac%20Muscle%20Action%20Potential...%20PDF.pdf"><strong>pdf</strong></a>)</li>



<li>Excitation contraction coupling (<a href="https://koracademy.com/sites/default/files/inline-files/Excitation%20contraction%20coupling_0.pdf"><strong>pdf</strong></a>)</li>



<li>ECG (<a href="https://koracademy.com/sites/default/files/inline-files/ECG-%20Dr.%20Gul%20Muhammad.pdf"><strong>pdf</strong></a>)</li>



<li>Axis deviation or vector cardiogram (<a href="https://koracademy.com/sites/default/files/inline-files/Axis%20deviation%20or%20vector%20cardiogram%20%20Dr.%20Gul%20Muhammad.pdf"><strong>pdf</strong></a>)</li>



<li>Coronary circulation insufficiency and its correlation with ECG (<a href="https://koracademy.com/sites/default/files/inline-files/ECG%20Changes%20in%20MI...%20PDF.pdf"><strong>pdf</strong></a>) </li>



<li>Heart valves and heart sounds (<a href="https://koracademy.com/sites/default/files/inline-files/Heart%20valves%20and%20heart%20sounds%20-%20Dr.%20Gul.pdf"><strong>pdf</strong></a>)</li>



<li>Blood pressure (<a href="https://koracademy.com/sites/default/files/inline-files/Blood%20Pressure.pdf"><strong>pdf</strong></a>)</li>



<li>Long term control of blood pressure (<a href="https://koracademy.com/sites/default/files/inline-files/Long%20Term%20control%20of%20bp.pdf"><strong>pdf</strong></a>)</li>



<li>Interpretation of ECG (<a href="https://koracademy.com/sites/default/files/inline-files/Interpretation%20of%20ECG.pdf"><strong>pdf</strong></a>)</li>



<li>Cardiac cycle </li>



<li>Humoral control of local blood flow (<a href="https://koracademy.com/sites/default/files/inline-files/1st%20YEAR%20MBBS%20%2CPHYSIOLOGY%2C%20Humoral%20controle%20of%20local%20blood%20flow%2CDr%20Farida%20Ahmad.pdf"><strong>pdf</strong></a>)</li>



<li>Atrial arrhythmia (<a href="https://koracademy.com/sites/default/files/inline-files/Atrial%20Arrhythmia-Physiology%201st%20year-module%20CVS-%20Lecture-2%20by%20Dr%20Gul%20Muhammad-.pdf"><strong>pdf</strong></a>)</li>



<li>Basic life support (<a href="https://koracademy.com/sites/default/files/inline-files/BLS-1%20Physiology-1st%20year-%20Module%20CVS-%20by%20Dr%20Gul%20Muhammad.pdf"><strong>pdf</strong></a>)</li>



<li>Basic life support 2 (<a href="https://koracademy.com/sites/default/files/inline-files/BLS-2-%20Physiology%201st%20year%20module%20CVS%20by%20Dr%20Gul%20Muhammad.pdf"><strong>pdf</strong></a>)</li>



<li>Cardiac axis (<a href="https://koracademy.com/sites/default/files/inline-files/Cardiac%20Axix-%20Vector%20Cardiogram_0.pdf"><strong>pdf</strong></a>)</li>



<li>Cardiac failure (<a href="https://koracademy.com/sites/default/files/inline-files/CARDIAC%20FAILURE%2C%20pdf.pdf"><strong>pdf</strong></a>)</li>



<li>Cardiac output (<a href="https://koracademy.com/sites/default/files/inline-files/CARDIAC%20OUT%20PUT%2C%20pdf.pdf"><strong>pdf</strong>)</a></li>



<li>Control of blood flow <a href="https://koracademy.com/sites/default/files/inline-files/control%20of%20blood%20flow%201.pdf">(<strong>pdf</strong>)</a></li>



<li>Microcirculation (<a href="https://koracademy.com/sites/default/files/inline-files/Physiology%20of%20Microcirculation.pdf"><strong>pdf</strong></a>)</li>



<li>Biophysics of pressure, flow and resistance (<a href="https://koracademy.com/sites/default/files/inline-files/Pressure%2C%20Flow%20%26%20Resistance%20lec.pdf"><strong>pdf</strong></a>) </li>



<li>The lymphatic system (<a href="https://koracademy.com/sites/default/files/inline-files/The%20Lymphatic%20System.pdf"><strong>pdf</strong></a>)</li>



<li>Venous return and its relation with cardiac output (<a href="https://koracademy.com/sites/default/files/inline-files/venous%20return%20and%20its%20relation%20with%20cardiac%20output.pptm__0.pdf"><strong>pdf</strong></a>)</li>



<li>Ventricular arrhythmia <a href="https://koracademy.com/sites/default/files/inline-files/Ventricular%20Arrhythmia%20by%20Dr%20Gul%20Muhammad.pdf">(<strong>pdf</strong></a>)</li>



<li>Cardiac output measurement (<a href="https://koracademy.com/sites/default/files/inline-files/Cardiac%20output%20Measurement%20and%20significance-by%20Dr%20Gul%20Muhammad.pdf"><strong>pdf</strong></a>)</li>



<li>Heart Block (<a href="https://koracademy.com/sites/default/files/inline-files/Heart%20Block%20by%20Dr%20Gul%20Muhammad%20.pdf"><strong>pdf</strong></a>)</li>
</ul>
</li>



<li><strong>EMBRYOLOGY </strong>
<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li>Development of CVS (<a href="https://koracademy.com/sites/default/files/inline-files/CVS%20EMBRYOLOGY.pdf"><strong>pdf</strong></a>)</li>



<li>Fetal circularion (<a href="https://koracademy.com/sites/default/files/inline-files/FETAL%20CIRCUALTION%20ist%20yr%20cvs%20module.pdf"><strong>pdf</strong></a>)</li>



<li>Congenital heart defects by Dr. Shahab <a href="https://koracademy.com/sites/default/files/inline-files/CONGENITAL%20HEART%20DEFECTS%20Dr.%20Shahab.pdf">(<strong>pdf</strong></a>) </li>



<li>Developmental anamolies </li>
</ul>
</li>



<li><strong>HISTOLOGY </strong>
<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li>Histology of myocardium (<a href="https://koracademy.com/sites/default/files/inline-files/MYOCARDIUM%20HISTOLOGY%20-%20Dr.%20Shahab.pdf"><strong>pdf</strong></a>)</li>



<li>Histology of blood vessels (<a href="https://koracademy.com/sites/default/files/inline-files/histology%20of%20cvs%20-%20Dr.%20Shahab.pdf"><strong>pdf</strong></a>)</li>
</ul>
</li>



<li><strong>PATHOLOGY</strong>
<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li>Coronary artery disease (<a href="https://koracademy.com/sites/default/files/inline-files/CORONARY%20ARTERY%20DISEASE%20Dr.%20Saima%20Hasham.pdf"><strong>pdf</strong></a>)</li>



<li>Hypertension and its pathophysiology (<a href="https://koracademy.com/sites/default/files/inline-files/Hypertension%20and%20its%20pathophysiology%20.pdf"><strong>pdf</strong></a>)</li>
</ul>
</li>



<li><strong>FORENSIC MEDICINE </strong>
<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li>Medicolegal aspect of sudden death due to heart diseases (<a href="https://koracademy.com/sites/default/files/inline-files/medicolegal%20aspects%20of%20deaths%20due%20to%20cardiovascular%20diseases.pdf"><strong>pdf</strong></a>)</li>
</ul>
</li>



<li><strong>PHARMACOLOGY</strong>
<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li>Anti anginal drugs <a href="https://koracademy.com/sites/default/files/inline-files/CVS%20Drugs%20Dr.%20Fahad.pdf">(<strong>pdf</strong></a>)</li>



<li>Anti hypertensive drugs (<a href="https://koracademy.com/sites/default/files/inline-files/Anti%20hypertensive%20Drugs%20mech%20of%20action.pdf"><strong>pdf</strong></a>)</li>
</ul>
</li>



<li><strong>COMMUNITY MEDICINE</strong>
<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li>Prevention of CVS diseases in community (<a href="https://koracademy.com/sites/default/files/inline-files/Prevention%20of%20cvs%20diseases%20in%20community%20-%20Dr.%20Salma.pdf"><strong>pdf</strong></a>) </li>
</ul>
</li>



<li><strong>PHYSIOLOGY PRACTICALS </strong>
<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li>Apex beat or impulse (<a href="https://koracademy.com/sites/default/files/inline-files/Apex%20Beat%20or%20Impulse.pdf"><strong>pdf</strong></a>)</li>



<li>Clinical examination of arterial pulse (<a href="https://koracademy.com/sites/default/files/inline-files/CLINICAL%20EXAMINATION%20OF%20ARTERIAL%20PULSE.pdf"><strong>pdf</strong></a>)</li>



<li>Determination of blood pressure (<a href="https://koracademy.com/sites/default/files/inline-files/DETERMINATION%20OF-BLOOD%20PRESSURE.pdf"><strong>pdf</strong></a>)</li>



<li>Heart sounds (<a href="https://koracademy.com/sites/default/files/inline-files/Heart%20Sounds.pdf"><strong>pdf</strong></a>)</li>



<li>Examination of JVP (<a href="https://koracademy.com/sites/default/files/inline-files/Examination%20of%20JVP.pdf"><strong>pdf</strong></a>)</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>


<div class="wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained" style="padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60)"></div>



<div class="wp-block-group alignwide is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow" style="margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--60)">
<nav class="wp-block-group alignwide is-content-justification-space-between is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-9b36172e wp-block-group-is-layout-flex" aria-label="Post navigation" style="border-top-color:var(--wp--preset--color--accent-6);border-top-width:1px;padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40)"><div class="post-navigation-link-previous wp-block-post-navigation-link"><span class="wp-block-post-navigation-link__arrow-previous is-arrow-arrow" aria-hidden="true">←</span><a href="https://koracademy.com/msk-presentations/" rel="prev">MSK Presentations</a></div>

<div class="post-navigation-link-next wp-block-post-navigation-link"><a href="https://koracademy.com/respiratory-module-presentations/" rel="next">Respiratory Module Presentations</a><span class="wp-block-post-navigation-link__arrow-next is-arrow-arrow" aria-hidden="true">→</span></div></nav>
</div>
</div>
</main>


<footer class="wp-block-template-part"><div class="n2_clear"><ss3-force-full-width data-overflow-x="body" data-horizontal-selector="body"><div class="n2-section-smartslider fitvidsignore  n2_clear" data-ssid="2"><div id="n2-ss-2-align" class="n2-ss-align"><div class="n2-padding"><div id="n2-ss-2" data-creator="Smart Slider 3" data-responsive="fullwidth" class="n2-ss-slider n2-ow n2-has-hover n2notransition  ">





<div class="n2-ss-slider-wrapper-outside" style="grid-template-rows:1fr auto"><div class="n2-ss-slider-wrapper-inside">
        <div class="n2-ss-slider-1 n2_ss__touch_element n2-ow">
            <div class="n2-ss-slider-2 n2-ow">
                                                <div class="n2-ss-slider-3 n2-ow">

                    <div class="n2-ss-slide-backgrounds n2-ow-all"><div class="n2-ss-slide-background" data-public-id="1" data-mode="fit"><div class="n2-ss-slide-background-image" data-blur="0" data-opacity="100" data-x="50" data-y="50" data-alt="" data-title=""><picture class="skip-lazy" data-skip-lazy="1"><img decoding="async" src="//koracademy.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/Funny--scaled.jpg" alt="" title="" loading="lazy" class="skip-lazy" data-skip-lazy="1"></picture></div><div data-color="RGBA(255,255,255,0)" style="background-color: RGBA(255,255,255,0);" class="n2-ss-slide-background-color"></div></div><div class="n2-ss-slide-background" data-public-id="2" data-mode="fit" aria-hidden="true"><div class="n2-ss-slide-background-image" data-blur="0" data-opacity="100" data-x="50" data-y="50" data-alt="" data-title=""><picture class="skip-lazy" data-skip-lazy="1"><img decoding="async" src="//koracademy.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/Medico-Laptop-Stickers.jpg" alt="" title="" loading="lazy" class="skip-lazy" data-skip-lazy="1"></picture></div><div data-color="RGBA(255,255,255,0)" style="background-color: RGBA(255,255,255,0);" class="n2-ss-slide-background-color"></div></div><div class="n2-ss-slide-background" data-public-id="3" data-mode="fit" aria-hidden="true"><div class="n2-ss-slide-background-image" data-blur="0" data-opacity="100" data-x="50" data-y="50" data-alt="" data-title=""><picture class="skip-lazy" data-skip-lazy="1"><img decoding="async" src="//koracademy.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/Mini-Cards.jpg" alt="" title="" loading="lazy" class="skip-lazy" data-skip-lazy="1"></picture></div><div data-color="RGBA(255,255,255,0)" style="background-color: RGBA(255,255,255,0);" class="n2-ss-slide-background-color"></div></div><div class="n2-ss-slide-background" data-public-id="4" data-mode="fit" aria-hidden="true"><div class="n2-ss-slide-background-image" data-blur="0" data-opacity="100" data-x="50" data-y="50" data-alt="" data-title=""><picture class="skip-lazy" data-skip-lazy="1"><img decoding="async" src="//koracademy.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/Polaroids.jpg" alt="" title="" loading="lazy" class="skip-lazy" data-skip-lazy="1"></picture></div><div data-color="RGBA(255,255,255,0)" style="background-color: RGBA(255,255,255,0);" class="n2-ss-slide-background-color"></div></div><div class="n2-ss-slide-background" data-public-id="5" data-mode="fit" aria-hidden="true"><div class="n2-ss-slide-background-image" data-blur="0" data-opacity="100" data-x="50" data-y="50" data-alt="" data-title=""><picture class="skip-lazy" data-skip-lazy="1"><img decoding="async" src="//koracademy.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/Sticker-Sheets.jpg" alt="" title="" loading="lazy" class="skip-lazy" data-skip-lazy="1"></picture></div><div data-color="RGBA(255,255,255,0)" style="background-color: RGBA(255,255,255,0);" class="n2-ss-slide-background-color"></div></div><div class="n2-ss-slide-background" data-public-id="6" data-mode="fit" aria-hidden="true"><div class="n2-ss-slide-background-image" data-blur="0" data-opacity="100" data-x="50" data-y="50" data-alt="" data-title=""><picture class="skip-lazy" data-skip-lazy="1"><img decoding="async" src="//koracademy.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/Bookmarks.jpg" alt="" title="" loading="lazy" class="skip-lazy" data-skip-lazy="1"></picture></div><div data-color="RGBA(255,255,255,0)" style="background-color: RGBA(255,255,255,0);" class="n2-ss-slide-background-color"></div></div><div class="n2-ss-slide-background" data-public-id="7" data-mode="fit" aria-hidden="true"><div class="n2-ss-slide-background-image" data-blur="0" data-opacity="100" data-x="50" data-y="50" data-alt="" data-title=""><picture class="skip-lazy" data-skip-lazy="1"><img decoding="async" src="//koracademy.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/Cards.jpg" alt="" title="" loading="lazy" class="skip-lazy" data-skip-lazy="1"></picture></div><div data-color="RGBA(255,255,255,0)" style="background-color: RGBA(255,255,255,0);" class="n2-ss-slide-background-color"></div></div><div class="n2-ss-slide-background" data-public-id="8" data-mode="fit" aria-hidden="true"><div class="n2-ss-slide-background-image" data-blur="0" data-opacity="100" data-x="50" data-y="50" data-alt="" data-title=""><picture class="skip-lazy" data-skip-lazy="1"><img decoding="async" src="//koracademy.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/Keychains.jpg" alt="" title="" loading="lazy" class="skip-lazy" data-skip-lazy="1"></picture></div><div data-color="RGBA(255,255,255,0)" style="background-color: RGBA(255,255,255,0);" class="n2-ss-slide-background-color"></div></div><div class="n2-ss-slide-background" data-public-id="9" data-mode="fit" aria-hidden="true"><div class="n2-ss-slide-background-image" data-blur="0" data-opacity="100" data-x="50" data-y="50" data-alt="" data-title=""><picture class="skip-lazy" data-skip-lazy="1"><img decoding="async" src="//koracademy.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/Magnetic-Bookmarks.jpg" alt="" title="" loading="lazy" class="skip-lazy" data-skip-lazy="1"></picture></div><div data-color="RGBA(255,255,255,0)" style="background-color: RGBA(255,255,255,0);" class="n2-ss-slide-background-color"></div></div></div>                    <div class="n2-ss-slider-4 n2-ow">
                        <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 200 500" data-related-device="desktopPortrait" class="n2-ow n2-ss-preserve-size n2-ss-preserve-size--slider n2-ss-slide-limiter"></svg><div data-first="1" data-slide-duration="0" data-id="4" data-slide-public-id="1" data-title="Funny" data-haslink="1" data-href="https://frenzpk.chikoo.app/category/98159152-600d-4308-9812-814ed356e8da/stickers" tabindex="0" role="button" data-n2click="url" data-force-pointer="" class="n2-ss-slide n2-ow  n2-ss-slide-4"><div role="note" class="n2-ss-slide--focus">Funny</div><div class="n2-ss-layers-container n2-ss-slide-limiter n2-ow"><div class="n2-ss-layer n2-ow n-uc-NdnybBnaqX9P" data-sstype="slide" data-pm="default"></div></div></div><div data-slide-duration="0" data-id="6" data-slide-public-id="2" aria-hidden="true" data-title="Medico Laptop Stickers" data-haslink="1" data-href="https://frenzpk.chikoo.app/category/98159152-600d-4308-9812-814ed356e8da/stickers" tabindex="0" role="button" data-n2click="url" data-force-pointer="" class="n2-ss-slide n2-ow  n2-ss-slide-6"><div role="note" class="n2-ss-slide--focus">Medico Laptop Stickers</div><div class="n2-ss-layers-container n2-ss-slide-limiter n2-ow"><div class="n2-ss-layer n2-ow n-uc-42UOSDT4Zd2y" data-sstype="slide" data-pm="default"></div></div></div><div data-slide-duration="0" data-id="7" data-slide-public-id="3" aria-hidden="true" data-title="Mini Cards" data-haslink="1" data-href="https://frenzpk.chikoo.app/category/00425190-b56a-4554-939a-64f9d99413a4/Mini%20Cards%20(Pack%20of%205)" tabindex="0" role="button" data-n2click="url" data-force-pointer="" class="n2-ss-slide n2-ow  n2-ss-slide-7"><div role="note" class="n2-ss-slide--focus">Mini Cards</div><div class="n2-ss-layers-container n2-ss-slide-limiter n2-ow"><div class="n2-ss-layer n2-ow n-uc-PM0TSgvYSh51" data-sstype="slide" data-pm="default"></div></div></div><div data-slide-duration="0" data-id="8" data-slide-public-id="4" aria-hidden="true" data-title="Polaroids" data-haslink="1" data-href="https://frenzpk.chikoo.app/category/c2eded3b-8214-40fa-a655-31d028872268/Polaroids" tabindex="0" role="button" data-n2click="url" data-force-pointer="" class="n2-ss-slide n2-ow  n2-ss-slide-8"><div role="note" class="n2-ss-slide--focus">Polaroids</div><div class="n2-ss-layers-container n2-ss-slide-limiter n2-ow"><div class="n2-ss-layer n2-ow n-uc-SO04SXya2nCu" data-sstype="slide" data-pm="default"></div></div></div><div data-slide-duration="0" data-id="9" data-slide-public-id="5" aria-hidden="true" data-title="Sticker Sheets" data-haslink="1" data-href="https://frenzpk.chikoo.app/category/9b60ab27-5add-48e2-b9fc-f63c13e1241e/Sticker%20Packs" tabindex="0" role="button" data-n2click="url" data-force-pointer="" class="n2-ss-slide n2-ow  n2-ss-slide-9"><div role="note" class="n2-ss-slide--focus">Sticker Sheets</div><div class="n2-ss-layers-container n2-ss-slide-limiter n2-ow"><div class="n2-ss-layer n2-ow n-uc-VBGuoi4oZYS0" data-sstype="slide" data-pm="default"></div></div></div><div data-slide-duration="0" data-id="10" data-slide-public-id="6" aria-hidden="true" data-title="Bookmarks" data-haslink="1" data-href="https://frenzpk.chikoo.app/category/1d3be8c5-bd1a-41b0-9132-edb9155ff70f/Bookmarks%20(Glossy,%20non%20laminated)" tabindex="0" role="button" data-n2click="url" data-force-pointer="" class="n2-ss-slide n2-ow  n2-ss-slide-10"><div role="note" class="n2-ss-slide--focus">Bookmarks</div><div class="n2-ss-layers-container n2-ss-slide-limiter n2-ow"><div class="n2-ss-layer n2-ow n-uc-cttSHP3vY2Cf" data-sstype="slide" data-pm="default"></div></div></div><div data-slide-duration="0" data-id="11" data-slide-public-id="7" aria-hidden="true" data-title="Cards" data-haslink="1" data-href="https://frenzpk.chikoo.app/category/3ee8e34c-7fbf-41b3-b682-e3c406e533f5/Cards%20with%20Envelope%20(A6%20size)" tabindex="0" role="button" data-n2click="url" data-force-pointer="" class="n2-ss-slide n2-ow  n2-ss-slide-11"><div role="note" class="n2-ss-slide--focus">Cards</div><div class="n2-ss-layers-container n2-ss-slide-limiter n2-ow"><div class="n2-ss-layer n2-ow n-uc-hwg7Aq56vEb4" data-sstype="slide" data-pm="default"></div></div></div><div data-slide-duration="0" data-id="12" data-slide-public-id="8" aria-hidden="true" data-title="Keychains" data-haslink="1" data-href="https://frenzpk.chikoo.app/category/c6abfdff-1af7-4a0a-a6a9-b79bea26aaa2/Keychains" tabindex="0" role="button" data-n2click="url" data-force-pointer="" class="n2-ss-slide n2-ow  n2-ss-slide-12"><div role="note" class="n2-ss-slide--focus">Keychains</div><div class="n2-ss-layers-container n2-ss-slide-limiter n2-ow"><div class="n2-ss-layer n2-ow n-uc-jBL5UyO5Xs1F" data-sstype="slide" data-pm="default"></div></div></div><div data-slide-duration="0" data-id="13" data-slide-public-id="9" aria-hidden="true" data-title="Magnetic Bookmarks" data-haslink="1" data-href="https://frenzpk.chikoo.app/category/786bfb6f-88cb-4745-9afd-4123a564e88e/Magnetic%20Bookmarks" tabindex="0" role="button" data-n2click="url" data-force-pointer="" class="n2-ss-slide n2-ow  n2-ss-slide-13"><div role="note" class="n2-ss-slide--focus">Magnetic Bookmarks</div><div class="n2-ss-layers-container n2-ss-slide-limiter n2-ow"><div class="n2-ss-layer n2-ow n-uc-fcmJy1LZ2whi" data-sstype="slide" data-pm="default"></div></div></div>                    </div>

                                    </div>
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="n2-ss-slider-controls n2-ss-slider-controls-absolute-left-center"><div style="--widget-offset:15px;" class="n2-ss-widget nextend-arrow n2-ow-all nextend-arrow-previous  nextend-arrow-animated-fade" data-hide-mobileportrait="1" id="n2-ss-2-arrow-previous" role="button" aria-label="previous arrow" tabindex="0"><img decoding="async" width="32" height="32" class="skip-lazy" data-skip-lazy="1" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMzIiIGhlaWdodD0iMzIiIHZpZXdCb3g9IjAgMCAzMiAzMiIgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIj4KICAgIDxwYXRoIGQ9Ik0xMS40MzMgMTUuOTkyTDIyLjY5IDUuNzEyYy4zOTMtLjM5LjM5My0xLjAzIDAtMS40Mi0uMzkzLS4zOS0xLjAzLS4zOS0xLjQyMyAwbC0xMS45OCAxMC45NGMtLjIxLjIxLS4zLjQ5LS4yODUuNzYtLjAxNS4yOC4wNzUuNTYuMjg0Ljc3bDExLjk4IDEwLjk0Yy4zOTMuMzkgMS4wMy4zOSAxLjQyNCAwIC4zOTMtLjQuMzkzLTEuMDMgMC0xLjQybC0xMS4yNTctMTAuMjkiCiAgICAgICAgICBmaWxsPSIjZmZmZmZmIiBvcGFjaXR5PSIwLjgiIGZpbGwtcnVsZT0iZXZlbm9kZCIvPgo8L3N2Zz4=" alt="previous arrow"></div></div><div class="n2-ss-slider-controls n2-ss-slider-controls-absolute-right-center"><div style="--widget-offset:15px;" class="n2-ss-widget nextend-arrow n2-ow-all nextend-arrow-next  nextend-arrow-animated-fade" data-hide-mobileportrait="1" id="n2-ss-2-arrow-next" role="button" aria-label="next arrow" tabindex="0"><img decoding="async" width="32" height="32" class="skip-lazy" data-skip-lazy="1" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" alt="next arrow"></div></div></div><div class="n2-ss-slider-controls n2-ss-slider-controls-below"><div data-width-percent="100" class="n2-ss-widget nextend-thumbnail nextend-thumbnail-default nextend-thumbnail-horizontal n2-ow-all" data-hide-mobileportrait="1" style="width:100%;" data-has-next="0" data-has-previous="0"><div class="nextend-thumbnail-inner n2-style-f58d52632d016e4532dc73de3ceef8d2-simple "><div class="nextend-thumbnail-scroller n2-align-content-start" style="grid-template-rows:repeat(1, 1fr)"><div class="n2-thumbnail-dot n2-style-8ad5048b81c3c254e5a4ea951ba18f46-dot " data-slide-public-id="1" role="button" aria-label="Funny" tabindex="0"><picture class="skip-lazy" data-skip-lazy="1"><img decoding="async" alt="Funny" src="//koracademy.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/Funny--scaled.jpg" width="100" height="60" loading="lazy" class="skip-lazy" data-skip-lazy="1" /></picture></div><div class="n2-thumbnail-dot n2-style-8ad5048b81c3c254e5a4ea951ba18f46-dot " data-slide-public-id="2" role="button" aria-label="Medico Laptop Stickers" tabindex="0"><picture class="skip-lazy" data-skip-lazy="1"><img decoding="async" alt="Medico Laptop Stickers" src="//koracademy.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/Medico-Laptop-Stickers.jpg" width="100" height="60" loading="lazy" class="skip-lazy" data-skip-lazy="1" /></picture></div><div class="n2-thumbnail-dot n2-style-8ad5048b81c3c254e5a4ea951ba18f46-dot " data-slide-public-id="3" role="button" aria-label="Mini Cards" tabindex="0"><picture class="skip-lazy" data-skip-lazy="1"><img decoding="async" alt="Mini Cards" src="//koracademy.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/Mini-Cards.jpg" width="100" height="60" loading="lazy" class="skip-lazy" data-skip-lazy="1" /></picture></div><div class="n2-thumbnail-dot n2-style-8ad5048b81c3c254e5a4ea951ba18f46-dot " data-slide-public-id="4" role="button" aria-label="Polaroids" tabindex="0"><picture class="skip-lazy" data-skip-lazy="1"><img decoding="async" alt="Polaroids" src="//koracademy.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/Polaroids.jpg" width="100" height="60" loading="lazy" class="skip-lazy" data-skip-lazy="1" /></picture></div><div class="n2-thumbnail-dot n2-style-8ad5048b81c3c254e5a4ea951ba18f46-dot " data-slide-public-id="5" role="button" aria-label="Sticker Sheets" tabindex="0"><picture class="skip-lazy" data-skip-lazy="1"><img decoding="async" alt="Sticker Sheets" src="//koracademy.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/Sticker-Sheets.jpg" width="100" height="60" loading="lazy" class="skip-lazy" data-skip-lazy="1" /></picture></div><div class="n2-thumbnail-dot n2-style-8ad5048b81c3c254e5a4ea951ba18f46-dot " data-slide-public-id="6" role="button" aria-label="Bookmarks" tabindex="0"><picture class="skip-lazy" data-skip-lazy="1"><img decoding="async" alt="Bookmarks" src="//koracademy.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/Bookmarks.jpg" width="100" height="60" loading="lazy" class="skip-lazy" data-skip-lazy="1" /></picture></div><div class="n2-thumbnail-dot n2-style-8ad5048b81c3c254e5a4ea951ba18f46-dot " data-slide-public-id="7" role="button" aria-label="Cards" tabindex="0"><picture class="skip-lazy" data-skip-lazy="1"><img decoding="async" alt="Cards" src="//koracademy.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/Cards.jpg" width="100" height="60" loading="lazy" class="skip-lazy" data-skip-lazy="1" /></picture></div><div class="n2-thumbnail-dot n2-style-8ad5048b81c3c254e5a4ea951ba18f46-dot " data-slide-public-id="8" role="button" aria-label="Keychains" tabindex="0"><picture class="skip-lazy" data-skip-lazy="1"><img decoding="async" alt="Keychains" src="//koracademy.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/Keychains.jpg" width="100" height="60" loading="lazy" class="skip-lazy" data-skip-lazy="1" /></picture></div><div class="n2-thumbnail-dot n2-style-8ad5048b81c3c254e5a4ea951ba18f46-dot " data-slide-public-id="9" role="button" aria-label="Magnetic Bookmarks" tabindex="0"><picture class="skip-lazy" data-skip-lazy="1"><img decoding="async" alt="Magnetic Bookmarks" src="//koracademy.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/Magnetic-Bookmarks.jpg" width="100" height="60" loading="lazy" class="skip-lazy" data-skip-lazy="1" /></picture></div></div></div><div class="nextend-thumbnail-button nextend-thumbnail-previous"><img decoding="async" width="26" height="26" style="width:26px;transform:rotateZ(-90deg);" loading="lazy" class="skip-lazy" data-skip-lazy="1" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" alt="previous arrow"></div><div class="nextend-thumbnail-button nextend-thumbnail-next"><img decoding="async" width="26" height="26" style="width:26px;transform:rotateZ(-90deg);" loading="lazy" class="skip-lazy" data-skip-lazy="1" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,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" alt="next arrow"></div></div></div></div></div><ss3-loader></ss3-loader></div></div><div class="n2_clear"></div></div></ss3-force-full-width></div></footer></div>
<script type="speculationrules">
{"prefetch":[{"source":"document","where":{"and":[{"href_matches":"/*"},{"not":{"href_matches":["/wp-*.php","/wp-admin/*","/wp-content/uploads/*","/wp-content/*","/wp-content/plugins/*","/wp-content/themes/twentytwentyfive/*","/*\\?(.+)"]}},{"not":{"selector_matches":"a[rel~=\"nofollow\"]"}},{"not":{"selector_matches":".no-prefetch, .no-prefetch a"}}]},"eagerness":"conservative"}]}
</script>
<script type="module" src="https://koracademy.com/wp-includes/js/dist/script-modules/block-library/navigation/view.min.js?ver=b0f909c3ec791c383210" id="@wordpress/block-library/navigation/view-js-module" fetchpriority="low" data-wp-router-options="{&quot;loadOnClientNavigation&quot;:true}"></script>
<script id="wp-block-template-skip-link-js-after">
	( function() {
		var skipLinkTarget = document.querySelector( 'main' ),
			sibling,
			skipLinkTargetID,
			skipLink;

		// Early exit if a skip-link target can't be located.
		if ( ! skipLinkTarget ) {
			return;
		}

		/*
		 * Get the site wrapper.
		 * The skip-link will be injected in the beginning of it.
		 */
		sibling = document.querySelector( '.wp-site-blocks' );

		// Early exit if the root element was not found.
		if ( ! sibling ) {
			return;
		}

		// Get the skip-link target's ID, and generate one if it doesn't exist.
		skipLinkTargetID = skipLinkTarget.id;
		if ( ! skipLinkTargetID ) {
			skipLinkTargetID = 'wp--skip-link--target';
			skipLinkTarget.id = skipLinkTargetID;
		}

		// Create the skip link.
		skipLink = document.createElement( 'a' );
		skipLink.classList.add( 'skip-link', 'screen-reader-text' );
		skipLink.id = 'wp-skip-link';
		skipLink.href = '#' + skipLinkTargetID;
		skipLink.innerText = 'Skip to content';

		// Inject the skip link.
		sibling.parentElement.insertBefore( skipLink, sibling );
	}() );
	
//# sourceURL=wp-block-template-skip-link-js-after
</script>
<script src="https://cdn-reach.hostinger.com/js/embed.js" id="hostinger-reach-embed-js" defer data-wp-strategy="defer"></script>
<script id="wp-emoji-settings" type="application/json">
{"baseUrl":"https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/17.0.2/72x72/","ext":".png","svgUrl":"https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/17.0.2/svg/","svgExt":".svg","source":{"concatemoji":"https://koracademy.com/wp-includes/js/wp-emoji-release.min.js?ver=6.9.10"}}
</script>
<script type="module">
/*! This file is auto-generated */
var e="script#wp-emoji-settings",t=document.querySelector(e);if(!(t instanceof HTMLScriptElement))throw new Error("Element missing: "+e);const r=JSON.parse(t.text),s=(window._wpemojiSettings=r,"wpEmojiSettingsSupports"),o=["flag","emoji"];function i(e){try{var t={supportTests:e,timestamp:(new Date).valueOf()};sessionStorage.setItem(s,JSON.stringify(t))}catch(e){}}function c(e,t,n){e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(t,0,0);t=new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data);e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(n,0,0);const r=new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data);return t.every((e,t)=>e===r[t])}function p(e,t){e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(t,0,0);var n=e.getImageData(16,16,1,1);for(let e=0;e<n.data.length;e++)if(0!==n.data[e])return!1;return!0}function u(e,t,n,r){switch(t){case"flag":return n(e,"\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200d\u26a7\ufe0f","\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200b\u26a7\ufe0f")?!1:!n(e,"\ud83c\udde8\ud83c\uddf6","\ud83c\udde8\u200b\ud83c\uddf6")&&!n(e,"\ud83c\udff4\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc62\udb40\udc65\udb40\udc6e\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc7f","\ud83c\udff4\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc62\u200b\udb40\udc65\u200b\udb40\udc6e\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc7f");case"emoji":return!r(e,"\ud83e\u1fac8")}return!1}function f(e,t,n,r){let a;const s=(a="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope?new OffscreenCanvas(300,150):document.createElement("canvas")).getContext("2d",{willReadFrequently:!0}),o=(s.textBaseline="top",s.font="600 32px Arial",{});return e.forEach(e=>{o[e]=t(s,e,n,r)}),o}function a(e){var t=document.createElement("script");t.src=e,t.defer=!0,document.head.appendChild(t)}r.supports={everything:!0,everythingExceptFlag:!0},new Promise(t=>{let n=function(){try{var e=JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem(s));if("object"==typeof e&&"number"==typeof e.timestamp&&(new Date).valueOf()<e.timestamp+604800&&"object"==typeof e.supportTests)return e.supportTests}catch(e){}return null}();if(!n){if("undefined"!=typeof Worker&&"undefined"!=typeof OffscreenCanvas&&"undefined"!=typeof URL&&URL.createObjectURL&&"undefined"!=typeof Blob)try{var e="postMessage("+f.toString()+"("+[JSON.stringify(o),u.toString(),c.toString(),p.toString()].join(",")+"));",r=new Blob([e],{type:"text/javascript"});const a=new Worker(URL.createObjectURL(r),{name:"wpTestEmojiSupports"});return void(a.onmessage=e=>{i(n=e.data),a.terminate(),t(n)})}catch(e){}i(n=f(o,u,c,p))}t(n)}).then(e=>{for(const n in e)r.supports[n]=e[n],r.supports.everything=r.supports.everything&&r.supports[n],"flag"!==n&&(r.supports.everythingExceptFlag=r.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&r.supports[n]);var t;r.supports.everythingExceptFlag=r.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&!r.supports.flag,r.supports.everything||((t=r.source||{}).concatemoji?a(t.concatemoji):t.wpemoji&&t.twemoji&&(a(t.twemoji),a(t.wpemoji)))});
//# sourceURL=https://koracademy.com/wp-includes/js/wp-emoji-loader.min.js
</script>
</body>
</html>